Table 2 Percentage Distribution of women by Experienced Violence types
From: Spousal age difference and associated predictors of intimate partner violence in Nigeria
Background | IPV | χ2-value | Emotional | χ2-value | Physical | χ2-value | Sexual | χ2-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | (p-value) | Violence | (p-value) | Violence | (p-value) | Violence | (p-value) | |
Total | 23.5 (1589) | 18.0 (1218) | 13.5 (912) | 4.7 (318) | ||||
Number of living children | 89.4a | 64.4a | 63.2a | 6.4 | ||||
None | 12.0 (96) | (< 0.001) | 9.4 (75) | (< 0.001) | 5.9 (47) | (< 0.001) | 3.5 (28) | (0.094) |
1–2 | 22.2 (561) | 17.1 (431) | 12.3 (310) | 4.3 (108) | ||||
3–4 | 28.3 (585) | 22.0 (455) | 16.4 (338) | 5.1 (106) | ||||
5+ | 25.2 (347) | 18.6 (257) | 15.7 (217) | 5.5 (76) | ||||
Residence | 1.89 | 0.864 | 3.089 | 21.8a | ||||
Urban | 24.5 (576) | (0.169) | 18.6 (438) | (0.353) | 14.5 (341) | (0.079) | 3.1 (72) | (< 0.001) |
Rural | 23.0 (1013) | 17.7 (780) | 12.9 (571) | 5.6 (246) | ||||
Ethnicity | 367.5a | 242.9a | 304.7a | 95.5a | ||||
Hausa/Fulani | 11.4 (291) | (< 0.001) | 9.4 (241) | (< 0.001) | 4.4 (112) | (< 0.001) | 2.8 (71) | (< 0.001) |
Igbo | 28.0 (161) | 24.0 (138) | 15.3 (88) | 4.3 (25) | ||||
Yoruba | 24.5 (221) | 16.2 (146) | 17.2 (155) | 1.4 (13) | ||||
Others | 33.5 (916) | 25.3 (693) | 20.4 (557) | 7.6 (209) | ||||
Religion | 297.5a | 191.3a | 359.7a | 11.3b | ||||
Christian | 33.8 (952) | (< 0.001) | 25.4 (715) | (< 0.001) | 22.6 (635) | (< 0.001) | 5.7 (161) | (0.004) |
Muslims | 15.8 (605) | 12.4 (475) | 6.6 (254) | 4.0 (153) | ||||
Others | 28.8 (32) | 25.2 (28) | 20.7 (23) | 3.6 (4) | ||||
Household wealth | 20.1a | 5.68 | 20.6a | 20.5a | ||||
Poor | 20.8 (595) | (< 0.001) | 16.8 (480) | (0.058) | 11.3 (323) | (< 0.001) | 5.6 (161) | (< 0.001) |
Middle | 25.8 (313) | 19.6 (238) | 15.4 (187) | 5.7 (69) | ||||
Rich | 25.3 (681) | 18.6 (500) | 14.9 (402) | 3.3 (88) | ||||
Education | 198.4a | 114.8a | 246.7a | 19.5a | ||||
None | 16.0 (467) | (< 0.001) | 12.8 (374) | (< 0.001) | 7.1 (206) | (< 0.001) | 4.0 (116) | (< 0.001) |
Primary | 32.5 (439) | 23.9 (323) | 21.9 (296) | 6.7 (91) | ||||
Secondary | 29.6 (581) | 22.5 (441) | 18.8 (368) | 4.8 (95) | ||||
Higher | 19.0 (102) | 14.9 (80) | 7.8 (42) | 3.0 (16) | ||||
Marriage type | 0.672 | 0.616 | 0.969 | 0.698 | ||||
Monogamy | 23.7 (1292) | (0.412) | 18.1 (990) | (0.432) | 13.6 (745) | (0.325) | 4.6 (251) | (0.403) |
Polygamy | 22.6 (285) | 17.2 (217) | 12.6 (159) | 5.1 (65) | ||||
Marital Duration | 30.7a | 23.4a | 24.2a | 2.8 | ||||
0–4 | 19.0 (336) | (< 0.001) | 14.7 (260) | (< 0.001) | 10.1 (178) | (< 0.001) | 4.1 (73) | (0.425) |
5–9 | 25.8 (412) | 20.4 (327) | 14.7 (235) | 4.5 (72) | ||||
10–14 | 26.2 (394) | 19.9 (299) | 14.7 (222) | 5.2 (79) | ||||
15+ | 23.7 (447) | 17.6 (332) | 14.7 (277) | 5.0 (94) | ||||
Husband drinking alcohol | 403.8a | 309.7a | 502.6a | 33.6 | ||||
No | 18.5 (1027) | (< 0.001) | 14.1 (781) | (< 0.001) | 9.1 (501) | (< 0.001) | 4.0 (221) | (< 0.001) |
Yes | 45.4 (560) | 35.4 (437) | 33.2 (409) | 7.9 (97) | ||||
Husband’s Education | 159.3a | 89.9a | 184.7a | 8.7c | ||||
None | 15.2 (343) | (< 0.001) | 12.3 (278) | (< 0.001) | 6.5 (146) | (< 0.001) | 4.0 (90) | (0.033) |
Primary | 30.6 (390) | 23.1 (295) | 19.6 (250) | 6.1 (78) | ||||
Secondary | 28.9 (623) | 21.4 (462) | 18.3 (395) | 4.7 (102) | ||||
Higher | 21.8 (223) | 17.3 (177) | 11.2 (114) | 4.3 (44) | ||||
Number of marital union | 3.133 | 2.369 | 2.23a | 7.0b | ||||
1 | 23.0 (1102) | (0.077) | 17.7 (845) | (0.124) | 13.1 (629) | (0.136) | 4.3 (207) | 0.008 |
2+ | 25.1 (471) | 19.3 (362) | 14.5 (273) | 5.9 (110) | ||||
Empowerment | 28.6a | 16.7a | 20.7a | 0.611 | ||||
Low | 21.0 (516) | (< 0.001) | 16.1 (397) | (< 0.001) | 12.1 (299) | (< 0.001) | 4.3 (106) | (0.434) |
High | 28.1 (486) | 21.1 (364) | 17.1 (296) | 3.8 (66) | ||||