Table 1 Measures in the self-administered study questionnaire

 Physical activity

International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) [49]

 Intention to engage in physical activity

Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), intention [40, 41]

 Self-efficacy regarding physical activity

HAPA, self-efficacy [40, 41]

 Planning for physical activity

HAPA, planning [40, 41]

 Physical self description

Physical self-description (PSDQ) [50]

 Physical activity and neighborhood environment

International Physical Activity Questionnaire Environmental module (IPAQ-E) [51]

 Social support for engaging in physical activity

Social support and exercise survey (modified, [40, 41])

 Social networks

Self-generated items

 Social activities

Florida Cognitive Activities Scale (modified, [52, 53])

 Subjective age

Self-generated item

 Health-related quality of life

Short-Form (SF)-12, only 1 item [54]

 Objective health

Diseases and medication use (modified, [55])

 Risk perception

Berlin Risk Appraisal and Health Motivation Study (BRAHMS) [56]

 Falls

Elderly Fall Screening Test (EFST) (modified, [57])

 Fear of falling

Geriatric Fear of Falling Measurement (GFFM) [58]

 Diet

Food Frequency Questionnaire [59]

 Alcohol consumption

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Short Version (AUDIT-C) [60]

 Smoking behavior

Smoking Behavior Questionnaire [61]

 Stage assessment of smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, fruits and vegetable consumption

Stage assessment [40, 41]

 Quality of life

Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) [62]

 Emotional well-being

Self-generated items

 Depression

Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) [63]

 Personality

NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) [64]

 Use of computers/smartphones/applications

Self-generated items

 Technology commitment

Technology Commitment Scale [65]

 Use and acceptance of various components of the website, attendance of the offered group sessions, and overall satisfaction with the interventions

Self-generated items