Outcome | Proportion (%) or Mean for | P | |
---|---|---|---|
Uninsured Group (n = 41) | Insured Group (n = 196) | ||
Health status | |||
Health status not excellent/very goodb | 19 (46%) | 53 (27%) | .01 |
Parent worries about child’s health more than other people | 31 (76%) | 133 (68%) | .35 |
Parent has emotional worry or concern about child’s physical health | 27 (66%) | 110 (56%) | .27 |
PedsQL total score | 90 ± 11.4 | 89 ± 13.6 | .59 |
Access to healthcare | |||
Child has no PCP | 28 (68%) | 36 (18%) | <.0001 |
Child has no usual source of preventive care | 8 (20%) | 1 (0.5%) | <.0001 |
Never/sometimes gets immediate care from PCPc | 2 (40%) | 3 (7%) | .02 |
Child has no usual source of sick care | 5 (12%) | 6 (3%) | .01 |
Different source of sick care and preventive care | 23 (56%) | 27 (14%) | <.0001 |
Has no 24-h telephone coverage for sick care | 33 (80%) | 111 (57%) | .004 |
Usual source of care has no night or weekend office hours | 30 (73%) | 119 (61%) | .13 |
Never/sometimes can obtain after-hours telephone help or adviced | 1 (50%) | 6 (29%) | .52 |
Unmet healthcare needs | |||
Delayed or didn’t get needed healthcare | 20 (48%) | 25 (13%) | <.0001 |
Didn’t receive all needed preventive caree | 11 (50%) | 9 (6%) | <.0001 |
Didn’t receive all needed acute caref | 2 (25%) | 4 (9%) | .17 |
Didn’t receive all needed specialty careg | 1 (33%) | 5 (18%) | .52 |
Didn’t receive all needed dental careh | 16 (62%) | 29 (18%) | <.0001 |
Didn’t receive all needed prescription medicationsi | 0 (0%) | 3 (3%) | .53 |
Didn’t receive all needed medical supplies or equipmentj | 6 (46%) | 12 (23%) | .09 |
Use of health servicesk | |||
Doctor visits in past year | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | .01 |
Preventive-care visits in past year | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | .01 |
Sick visits in past year | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | .03 |
ED visits in past year | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | .91 |
Hospital stays in past year | 0.05 ± 0.05 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | .71 |
Quality of pediatric care (scale of 1–10, where 10 = best)l | |||
Rating of overall quality of child’s well-child visit | 8.0 ± 0.3 | 8.9 ± 0.1 | .01 |
Rating of child’s PCP | 8.4 ± 0.5 | 9.2 ± 0.1 | .16 |
Rating of child’s acute care | 8.5 ± 0.4 | 9.1 ± 0.1 | .17 |
Quality rating of child’s specialty care | 6.8 ± 1.7 | 8.8 ± 0.3 | .30 |
Parental satisfaction with care | |||
Doctor never/sometimes takes time to understand child’s specific needs | 14 (34%) | 28 (14%) | .01 |
Doctor never/sometimes respects you are expert on your child | 12 (29%) | 27 (14%) | .02 |
Doctor never/sometimes asks how you are feeling as parent | 23 (56%) | 91 (46%) | .26 |
Doctor never/sometimes understands how your prefer to raise child | 17 (41%) | 56 (29%) | .10 |
Doctor did not spend enough time with child | 4 (10%) | 19 (10%) | .99 |
Did not ask all questions I wanted to ask | 5 (13%) | 10 (5%) | .08 |
Would not recommend child’s healthcare provider to friends | 10 (24%) | 15 (8%) | <.0001 |
Satisfaction with process of obtaining insurance | <.0001 | ||
Very satisfied | 4 (10%) | 93 (48%) | |
Satisfied | 7 (18%) | 71 (37%) | |
Uncertain | 11 (28%) | 18 (9%) | |
Dissatisfied | 8 (20%) | 7 (4%) | |
Very dissatisfied | 10 (25%) | 5 (3%) | |
Parental out-of-pocket costs of pediatric carek | |||
Mean out-of-pocket cost per doctor visit | $70 ± 15 | $29 ± 15 | <.0001 |
Mean out-of-pocket cost per preventive-care visit | $67 ± 29 | $9 ± 3 | .01 |
Mean out-of-pocket cost per sick visit | $86 ± 18 | $16 ± 4 | <.0001 |
Mean out-of-pocket cost per ED visit | $146 ± 75 | $77 ± 63 | .01 |
Mean out-of-pocket cost per hospital stay | $25 ± 25 | $0 ± 0 | .33 |
Parental-reported financial burden | |||
Need additional income to cover child’s medical expenses | 12 (29%) | 10 (5%) | .01 |
Child’s health caused financial problem for family | 12 (29%) | 13 (7%) | .01 |
Family cut down on work hours to obtain healthcare for child | 3 (7%) | 12 (6%) | .81 |
Stopped working because of child’s health | 3 (7%) | 5 (3%) | .12 |
Missed school and work days due to child’s healthk | |||
Missed school days in past year | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | .34 |
Missed work days in past year due to child’s illness | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | .41 |
Wage loss in past year due to missed work days | $1237 ± 1038 | $490 ± 229 | .50 |
Other costs related to taking care of sick child | $6030 ± 5970 | $622 ± 342 | .02 |