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Table 2 Combined regression modelsa for correlates of screen time and sedentary time for boys and girls

From: Do the correlates of screen time and sedentary time differ in preschool children?

Variable

Screen time mins/day

Sedentary time mins/day

Boys (n = 504)

Girls (n = 433)

Boys (n = 394)

Girls (n = 323)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

β (95% CI)

Individual level

Demographic and family profile

Child disability/poor health

-

-

-

10.18 (−3.03, 23.40)

Child sleep duration (hours)

−7.49 (−13.46, −1.52)

−5.67 (−11.57, 0.23)

−3.97 (−7.95, 0.01)

−5.76 (−8.83, −2.69)

Mother born in Australia

0.99 (−11.45, 13.42)

−15.66 (−28.97, −2.35)

-

-

Maternal BMI categoryc

 Healthy weight (ref)

-

0

-

0

 Overweight

-

1.56 (−12.22, 15.34)

-

8.55 (−0.90, 18.00)

 Obese

-

15.11 (−4.11, 34.32)

-

5.20 (−4.05, 14.45)

Maternal disability/poor health

-

-

-

10.97 (−5.36, 27.30)

Maternal education

Year 10 or equivalent (ref)

-

0

-

-

Year 12/trade/diploma

-

−3.39 (−27.86, 21.09)

-

-

University degree/post-graduate

-

−2.62 (−30.91, 25.66)

-

-

Low income status (health care/pension card)

-

−4.22 (−23.18, 14.74)

-

-

Paternal age (years)

-

-

0.73 (0.10, 1.35)

-

Father born in Australia

-

−3.93 (−17.82, 9.95)

-

-

Paternal BMI categoryc

 Healthy weight (ref)

0

-

-

-

 Overweight

−1.15 (−13.03, 10.74)

-

-

-

 Obese

2.79 (−12.80, 18.37)

-

-

-

Paternal education

 Year 10 or equivalent (ref)

-

0

-

-

 Year 12/trade/diploma

-

23.26 (0.11, 46.41)

-

-

 University degree/post-graduate

-

9.66 (−16.33, 35.65)

-

-

Child PA and SB

Usual frequency of active transport per week (e.g., ride a bike to kinder)

-

−1.72 (−3.14, −0.30)

-

-

Number of organised activities per week (e.g., swimming, tennis)

-

−7.54 (−15.72, 0.64)

-

-

Child personality, preferences and constraints

    

Child is active for longer with someone else

−10.63 (−23.18, 1.93)

-

-

-

Child preferences for SB (e.g., more likely to watch TV than be active)

3.52 (−1.49, 8.53)

7.09 (2.47, 11.70)

-

-

Child constraints to PA (e.g., too tired to do more PA)

−0.69 (−2.12, 0.75)

-

-

-

Social level

Parental influence

Parental concerns about child’s PA/SB

1.87 (−0.05, 3.78)

3.19 (0.62, 5.76)

-

-

Parental constraints to child’s PA

0.74 (−1.36, 2.84)

1.29 (−0.55, 3.13)

-

-

Parent gets bored watching child playing in outdoor spaces

−14.43 (−27.99, −0.86)

-

-

-

Parent believes it’s important to be active as a family

6.08 (−10.86, 23.02)

-

-

-

Parental self-efficacy to support PA

0.76 (−2.78, 4.30)

1.67 (−2.23, 5.58)

-

-

Parental self-efficacy to limit screen time

−6.52 (−9.51, −3.54)

−2.64 (−5.12, −0.16)

-

-

Parental health knowledge/beliefs of child’s PA

-

0.22 (−3.67, 4.11)

-

-

Rules and boundaries

Parental rules to limit screen time

−5.15 (−9.20, −1.11)

−5.20 (−9.94, −0.47)

-

-

Parent allows child to play freely in backyard/street

-

−4.62 (−9.39, 0.16)

-

-

Social interaction and support

Maternal PA emotional support for child

2.14 (−1.47, 5.76)

-

−1.10 (−2.84, 0.63)

-

Paternal PA emotional support for child

2.14 (−0.87, 5.14)

-

-

-

Modelling of PA

Paternal time in PA (hours/week)

-

−0.62 (−2.29, 1.04)

-

-

Maternal TV viewing (hours/week)

2.27 (1.09, 3.46)

1.33 (−0.05, 2.70)

-

-

Paternal TV viewing (hours/week)

0.49 (−0.71, 1.69)

0.65 (−0.33, 1.63)

-

-

Maternal role modelling of PA (times/week)

-

0.36 (−3.27, 4.00)

-

-

Paternal role modelling of PA (times/week)

-

0.54 (−3.54, 4.61)

-

-

Physical environment level

Number of pieces of toys/ equipment to be physically active with at home (e.g., swings, slide)

-

0.57 (−1.15, 2.29)

-

-

Number of features at home (e.g., front fence, covered outdoor areas)

−2.51 (−9.95, 4.92)

−2.34 (−9.40, 4.72)

-

-

Lives on a cul-de-sac

11.70 (−1.26, 24.66)

-

-

-

Number of TVs at home

3.65 (−2.04, 9.34)

5.15 (−1.69, 11.99)

-

2.45 (−0.79, 5.70)

TV in child’s bedroom

−1.74 (−23.72, 20.23)

27.14 (−5.49, 59.77)

-

-

Neighbourhood playground suitability (e.g., equipment, shade, safety)

0.11 (−1.10, 1.32)

−0.69 (−2.11, 0.73)

−0.69 (−1.51, 0.12)

-

Neighbourhood constraints to active transport (e.g., busy roads)

-

0.14 (−1.29, 1.57)

−0.26 (−0.96, 0.43)

-

  1. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, PA physical activity, SB sedentary behaviour, TV television
  2. Notes: aAll models adjusted for age, preschool/childcare attendance and clustering by centre of recruitment; bReported as % for binary/categorical variables and mean (SD) for continuous variables; cParents’ self-reported height and weight, calculated using WHO classifications; bolded data indicates significance (p < 0.05); - indicates variable not included in combined model
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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