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Table 2 Organization of the surveillance systems by various characteristics

From: Web-based infectious disease surveillance systems and public health perspectives: a systematic review

System

Country (Year started)

Area of Service

Language

Data Source

Data access

User Interface

Format

ProMED-Mail

USA (1994)

Worldwide [21]

7 languages [26]

News/Media Report

Public

None

E-mail alert [37]

GPHIN

Canada (1997, 2004a)

Worldwide

8 languages [26]

News/Media Report (Factiva and Al Bawaba) [41]

Restricted/Subscription [22]

Boolean and metadata query system [35]

Website/e-mail alert [22]

GOARN

Multipleb (2000)

Worldwide

English, multilingual [26]

News/Media Report

Restricted [26]

None

Network-based

MedISys

EU (2004)

European Union member states [42]

43 languages [26]

News/Media Report [42]

Restricted/Limited to EU member states [42]

Text extraction [43]

RSS feed/E-mail and SMS alerts [44]

Europe Media Monitor

EpiSimS

USA (2005)

United States

English

US Census data [45]

Restricted

Graphical user interface; simulation pre-processing [4548]

XML-based format

Transformation infrastructure data

BioCaster

Japan (2006)

Priority to Asia-Pacific region [33]

8 languages [26]

Query

Public [49]

Mapping interface [13]

RSS feed [13]

Text mining [13]

EpiSPIDER

USA (2006)

North America, Europe, Australia, Asia

English [26]

News/Media Report

Public

Timeline visualization mapping and word cloud [33]

RSS, JSON, KM feeds [6, 50]

Social Media

CIA [51]

Health Map

USA (2006)

Worldwide

5 languages [26]

Query

Public

Mapping, faceted browsing (native) [52]

RSS feed [18]

News/Media Report [52]

ProMED, WHO, Euro Surveillance [53]

Google Flu Trends

United States (2008)

28 countries [54]

39 languages [54]

Query [55]

Public [56]

Mapping features [18]

RSS feed [18]

CDC [57]

GET WELL

Sweden (2010)

Sweden

Swedish

Query [24, 58]

Restricted [24]

Time-series graphs [24]

HTML page [36]

Influenzanet

Europe (2008)

The Netherlands, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, the UK, France, Sweden, Spain, Ireland, Denmark, Switzerland [59]

10 languages

Self-report from volunteer (online questionnaire response) [39]

Public [60]

None

RSS feed [61]

  1. aGPHIN was first established in 1997 but a new, robust multilingual GPHIN system was developed and launched on November 17, 2004 at the United Nations [22]
  2. bGOARN is a network collaboration between the World Health Organization and the United Nations