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Table 2 Odds of having metabolic syndrome according to presence of depressive symptoms and use of antidepressant medications in the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study

From: Association between depressive symptoms, use of antidepressant medication and the metabolic syndrome: the Maine-Syracuse Study

Depressive symptoms/medication use

Covariate seta

Quartile of scoresb

MetS

OR

95 % CI

P-value

CES-D score

Basic

Q4

1.79

1.22, 2.62

0.003

  

Q3

1.35

0.93, 1.97

0.1

  

Q2

1.05

0.72, 1.54

0.8

  

Q1

1.00

  
 

Extended

Q4

1.50

1.00, 2.24

0.049

  

Q3

1.23

0.83, 1.82

0.3

  

Q2

0.99

0.66, 1.49

0.9

  

Q1

1.00

  

Zung score

Basic

Q4

1.71

1.17, 2.50

0.006

  

Q3

1.20

0.81, 1.77

0.4

  

Q2

1.14

0.79, 1.65

0.5

  

Q1

1.00

  
 

Extended

Q4

1.43

0.99, 2.50

0.1

  

Q3

0.99

0.66, 1.52

0.9

  

Q2

1.05

0.71, 1.54

0.8

  

Q1

1.00

  

Antidepressant medication use

Basic

Yes

2.31

1.51, 3.54

<0.001

 

No

1.00

  
 

Extended

Yes

2.22

1.42, 3.48

<0.001

  

No

1.00

  
  1. CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CI confidence interval, MetS metabolic syndrome, OR odds ratio
  2. aBasic: adjusted for age, education, sex, ethnicity; Extended: adjusted for set 1 + smoking (cigarettes per day), physical activity (MET-minutes/day), CRP (mg/L)
  3. bQuartile 1 (lowest quartile of scores) = reference group