| Perceived family income | Highest achieved own education level | Parents’ highest achieved education level | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Average or below average (N = 3164, 55.5 %) | Above average (N = 2538, 44.5 %) |  | Obligatory or elementary vocational education (N = 2858, 50.1 %) | Higher than obligatory or elementary vocational education (N = 2844, 49.9 %) |  | Obligatory (N = 362, 6.3 %) | Secondary (N = 2894, 50.8 %) | Tertiary (N = 2446, 42.9 %) |  | |||||||
 | N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | p | N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | p | N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | N/mean | %/SD | p |
Alcohol | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Any use (past 12 months) | 2873 | 90.8 % | 2392 | 94.2 % | <.001 | 2653 | 92.8 % | 2612 | 91.8 % | .162 | 285 | 78.7 % | 2681 | 92.6 % | 2299 | 94.0 % | <.001 |
 RSOD monthly or morea | 1401 | 44.3 % | 1234 | 48.6 % | .001 | 1322 | 46.3 % | 1313 | 46.2 % | .946 | 104 | 28.7 % | 1338 | 46.2 % | 1193 | 48.8 % | <.001 |
 Weekly risky drinkingb | 203 | 6.4 % | 152 | 6.0 % | .507 | 185 | 6.5 % | 170 | 6.0 % | .439 | 16 | 4.4 % | 189 | 6.5 % | 150 | 6.1 % | .284 |
 Number of drinks/week (mean SD) | 7.30 | 14.74 | 7.46 | 10.82 | .648 | 7.46 | 13.58 | 7.29 | 12.69 | .619 | 5.54 | 25.39 | 7.43 | 12.51 | 7.58 | 11.05 | .021 |
Tobacco use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Any use (past 12 months) | 1519 | 48.0 % | 1174 | 46.3 % | .188 | 1388 | 48.6 % | 1305 | 45.9 % | .043 | 163 | 45.0 % | 1345 | 46.5 % | 1185 | 48.4 % | .244 |
Daily use | 737 | 23.3Â % | 459 | 18.1Â % | <.001 | 633 | 22.1Â % | 563 | 19.8Â % | .029 | 85 | 23.5Â % | 641 | 22.1Â % | 470 | 19.2Â % | .015 |
Cannabis use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Any use (past 12 months) | 945 | 29.9 % | 799 | 31.5 % | .189 | 912 | 31.9 % | 832 | 29.3 % | .030 | 87 | 24.0 % | 781 | 27.0 % | 876 | 35.8 % | <.001 |
 More than once a week | 329 | 10.4 % | 214 | 8.4 % | .012 | 291 | 10.2 % | 252 | 8.9 % | .089 | 33 | 9.1 % | 254 | 8.8 % | 256 | 10.5 % | .107 |
Other illicit drugsc use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Any use (past 12 months) | 193 | 6.1 % | 165 | 6.5 % | .535 | 200 | 7.0 % | 158 | 5.6 % | .025 | 18 | 5.0 % | 159 | 5.5 % | 181 | 7.4 % | .010 |
NMPDd use | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Any use (past 12 months) | 327 | 10.3 % | 280 | 11.0 % | .396 | 318 | 11.1 % | 289 | 10.2 % | .238 | 45 | 12.4 % | 289 | 10.0 % | 273 | 11.2 % | .200 |