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Table 3 Comparison of the evolution of quality of life between 1 and 5 year after the accident

From: Five years after the accident, whiplash casualties still have poorer quality of life in the physical domain than other mildly injured casualties: analysis of the ESPARR cohort

 

Non-whiplash (N = 155)

Whiplash grade 1 et 2 (N = 133)

Whiplash grade 1 (N = 50)

Whiplash grade 2 (N = 83)

 

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Global Items

 Good quality of life1

1 year

108 (69.7)

95 (71.4)

34 (68.0)

61 (73.5)

 

5 years

127 (81.9)

104 (78.2)

41 (82.0)

63 (75.9)

 

Improvement (%)2

 

+12.2 b

+4.8

+14.0

+2.4

 Satisfactory health status3

1 year

108 (69.7)

88 (66.2)

34 (68.0)

54 (65.1)

 

5 years

117 (75.5)

90 (67.7)

38 (76.0)

52 (62.7)

 

Improvement (%)2

 

+5.8

+1.5

+8.0

2.4

Domains

  

m SD4

m SD4

m SD4

m SD4

 Physical

1 year

77.1 (15.5)

72.8 (19.1)

73.4 (20.9)

72.4 (18.0)

 

5 years

81.5 c (13.9)

76.2 (17.9)

76.0 (17.6)

76.2 (18.2)

 

Improvement5

 

+4.4 c

+3.4

+2.6

+3.8

 Psychological

1 year

66.6 (15.7)

64.6 (16.3)

61.6 (15.8)

66.5 (16.4)

 

5 years

71.1 (13.6)

69.0 (15.3)

67.2 (17.0)

70.1 (14.2)

 

Improvement5

 

+4.5 c

+4.6 b

+5.6

+3.7 a

 Social

1 year

73.2 (19.5)

71.6 (19.9)

68.9 (20.9)

73.3 (19.3)

 

5 years

75.5 (17.1)

74.7 (15.0)

73.3 (17.4)

75.5 (13.4)

 

Improvement5

 

+2.3

+3.3

+3.4

+2.3

 Environmental

1 year

68.0 (16.5)

65.0 (16.3)

65.3 (17.7)

64.8 (15.5)

 

5 years

71.1 (15.4)

69.9 (16.6)

71.7 (15.9)

68.8 (17.0)

 

Improvement5

 

+3.1 b

+4.9 c

+6.4 a

+4.0 a

  1. (non-whiplash, whiplash grade 1; whiplash grade 2) (restricted to subjects who responded at both one and 5 years; N = 288)
  2. a <0.05; b <0.01; c <0.001
  3. 1Grouping: good/very good vs. neither good nor bad/ bad/very bad/no reply
  4. 2McNemar’s test
  5. 3Grouping: satisfied/very satisfied neither satisfied nor dissatisfied/dissatisfied/ very dissatisfied/ no reply
  6. 4SD: standard deviation
  7. 5Student’s test for matched data