Table 2 The Symptom Iceberg – Prevalence of self-reported symptoms in the previous 4 weeks and the proportion of GP contacts. Ranked from 1 to 44 according to proportion of symptoms in the study population

Tiredness

24 537

49.8

[49.4–50.3]

1

4 907

20.2

[19.7–20.7]

Night-time urination

23 935

48.7

[48.2–49.1]

2

3 024

12.8

[12.3–13.2]

Lack of energy

18 472

37.5

[37.1–37.9]

3

3 599

19.7

[19.1–20.3]

Headache

17 978

36.5

[36.1–37.0]

4

3 159

17.7

[17.2–18.3]

Back pain

15 925

32.3

[31.9–32.8]

5

5 490

34.9

[34.1–35.6]

Abdominal bloating

14 712

29.8

[29.4–30.2]

6

1 864

12.9

[12.3–13.4]

Memory problems

9 824

19.9

[19.6–20.3]

7

1 771

18.3

[17.6–19.1]

Abdominal pain

9 765

19.6

[19.4–20.1]

8

2 659

27.8

[26.9–28.7]

Erectile dysfunction^a

4 289

19.3

[18.8–19.8]

9

1 362

32.1

[30.7–33.5]

Coughing

8 804

17.9

[17.5–18.2]

10

2 120

24.4

[23.5–25.3]

Concentration problems

8 662

17.6

[17.2–17.9]

11

1 742

20.4

[19.6–21.3]

Change in stool texture

8 543

17.3

[17.0–17.6]

12

1 260

15.0

[14.3–15.8]

Dizziness

7 889

16.0

[15-7-16-3]

13

2 407

30.9

[29.9–32.0]

Pelvic pain^a

3 963

15.4

[14.9–15.8]

14

1 008

25.8

[24.4–27.2]

Feeling unwell

7 411

15.0

[14.7–15.4]

15

2 065

28.3

[27.3–29.3]

Constipation

7 231

14.7

[14.3–15.0]

16

970

13.6

[12.9–14.5]

Increase in waist circumference

6 548

13.3

[13.0–13.7]

17

733

11.4

[10.6–12.2]

Change in stool frequency

6 466

13.1

[12.8–13.4]

18

1 009

15.9

[15.0–16.8]

Diarrhoea

6 385

12.9

[12.7–13.2]

19

1 057

16.8

[15.9–17.7]

Nausea

6 256

12.6

[12.3–12.9]

20

1 264

20.6

[19.6–21.6]

Swollen legs

6 056

12.3

[12.0–12.6]

21

2 224

37.2

[36.0–38.5]

Difficulty in emptying the bladder

5 731

11.6

[11.4–11.9]

22

1 534

27.1

[26.0–28.3]

Frequent urination

5 234

10.6

[10.4–10.9]

23

1 362

26.5

[25.3–27.7]

Pelvic pain during intercourse^a

2 091

10.2

[9.8–10.6]

24

552

26.6

[24.8–28.6]

Stress incontinence

4 797

9.8

[9.5–10.0]

25

852

18.0

[16.8–19.1]

Shortness of breath

3 960

8.0

[7.8–8.3]

26

1 936

49.7

[48.1–51.2]

Hoarseness

3 782

7.7

[7.4–7.9]

27

698

18.7

[17.5–20.0]

Urge incontinence

3 080

6.3

[6.0–6.5]

28

790

26.1

[24.5–27.6]

Loss of appetite

3 079

6.3

[6.0–6.5]

29

586

19.4

[18.1–20.9]

Blood in stool/rectal bleeding

2 285

4.6

[4.4–4.8]

30

758

33.7

[31.8–35.7]

Fever

1 952

4.0

[3.8–4.1]

31

517

26.8

[24.9–28.8]

Difficulty swallowing

1 727

3.5

[3.3–3.7]

32

586

34.9

[32.6–37.2]

Weight loss

1 490

3.0

[2.9–3.2]

33

363

25.1

[23.0–27.4]

Vaginal bleeding after intercourse^a

612

3.0

[2.8–3.2]

34

187

30.9

[27.2–34.7]

Incontinence without stress/urge

1 158

2.3

[2.2–2.5]

35

383

33.8

[31.1–36.6]

Postmenopausal bleeding^a

370

2.3

[2.1–2.5]

36

118

33.1

[28.2–38.2]

Pain/burning when urinating

1 046

2.1

[2.0–2.3]

37

489

47.8

[44.7–50.8]

Lump/swollen lymph nodes

811

1.6

[1.5–1.8]

38

332

41.5

[38.1–45.0]

Black stool

779

1.6

[1.5–1.7]

39

132

17.3

[14.8–20.2]

Repeated vomiting

643

1.3

[1.2–1.4]

40

208

33.6

[30.0–37.4]

Blood in urine

284

0.6

[0.5–0.7]

41

202

73.2

[67.6–78.1]

Blood in semen^a

94

0.4

[0.3–0.5]

42

45

48.9

[38.7–59.2]

Coughing up blood

62

0.1

[0.1–0.2]

43

29

47.5

[35.1–60.3]

Blood in vomit

54

0.1

[0.1–0.1]

44

17

37.0

[23.9–52.2]