Table 3 The association between underweight and overweight, and socio-demographic status of Ghanaian women aged 19–49 in a multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis

Age (in years)

15–24

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

25–34

0.93 (0.68–1.27)

3.25 (2.46–4.29)

1.32 (0.72–2.41)

3.64 (2.76–4.78)

35–49

0.81 (0.63–1.05)

2.21 (1.74–2.82)

1.24 (0.78–1.97)

2.57 (2.03–3.25)

Education

Higher education

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Secondary education

2.97 (0.20–44.93)

0.52 (0.23–1.02)

1.86 (0.34–10.31)

0.84 (0.58–1.22)

Primary education

2.12 (0.14–32.22)

0.44 (0.22–0.88)

3.07 (0.54–17.25)

0.84 (0.57–1.25)

No education

2.81 (0.19–42.52)

0.22 (0.11–0.44)

3.28 (0.58–18.47)

0.48 (0.32–0.72)

Parity

1

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

2 or more

1.1 (0.91–1.34)

0.70 (0.58–0.84)

0.98 (0.70–1.37)

0.52 (0.44–0.60)

Marital status

Never married

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Currently married

0.72 (0.45–1.16)

0.90 (0.56–1.46)

2.01 (0.84–4.75)

1.48 (1.04–2.10)

Formerly married

0.79 (0.47–1.32)

0.91 (0.54–1.53)

3.51 (1.40–8.77)

1.48 (1.00–2.18)

Wealth index

Richest

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Richer

2.10 (1.19–3.70)

0.44 (0.34–0.56)

0.98 (0.60–1.62)

0.58 (0.49–0.70)

Middle

1.88 (1.10–3.31)

0.38 (0.30–0.49)

1.33 (0.81–2.17)

0.45 (0.36–0.56)

Poorer

2.11 (1.20–3.71)

0.41 (0.32–0.53)

1.02 (0.61–1.69)

0.44 (0.36–0.55)

Poorest

2.35 (1.34–4.12)

0.26 (0.20–0.34)

1.36 (0.78–2.38)

0.33 (0.25–0.45)

Survey year

1993

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1998

1.05 (0.83–1.34)

1.35 (1.04–1.75)

0.60 (0.35–1.01)

1.83 (1.42–2.35)

2003

0.94 (0.73–1.20)

1.84 (1.43–2.36)

0.64 (0.41–1.00)

1.77 (1.38–2.26)

2008

0.88 (0.68–1.15)

2.21 (1.72–2.84)

0.51 (0.31–0.83)

1.03 (0.77–1.38)