Table 1 Descriptive statistics of life events and chronic physical conditions by gender and age (n/%)
Life events | Gender | Age | Education | Total (n = 4040) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male (n = 1441) | Female (n = 2599) | 40 ~ (n = 1221) | 50 ~ (n = 1187) | 60 ~ (n = 1632) | Illiterate (n = 1953) | Primary school (n = 1398) | ≥Middle school (n = 689) | ||
Schooling/examination failures | 377 (26.2) | 697 (26.8) | 307 (25.1) | 368 (31.0) | 399 (24.4)†† | 424 (21.7) | 399 (28.5) | 251 (36.4)++ | 1074 (26.6) |
Abandonment of favorite pursues | 282 (21.9) | 504 (20.4) | 237 (17.1) | 273 (21.9) | 334 (20.5) | 385 (19.7) | 283 (20.2) | 176 (25.5)++ | 844 (20.9) |
Punishments/dismisses | 254 (17.6) | 504 (19.4) | 243 (19.9) | 252 (21.2) | 263 (16.1)†† | 379 (19.4) | 260 (18.6) | 119 (17.3) | 758 (18.8) |
Promotions/awards | 241 (16.7) | 100 (3.8)** | 56 (4.6) | 99 (8.3) | 186 (11.4)†† | 98 (5.0) | 119 (8.5) | 124 (18.0)++ | 341 (8.4) |
Admirable achievements | 413 (28.7) | 701 (27.0) | 319 (26.1) | 354 (29.8) | 441 (27.0) | 488 (25.0) | 405 (29.0) | 221 (32.1)++ | 1114 (27.6) |
Forced/disliked endeavors | 217 (15.1) | 350 (13.5) | 187 (15.3) | 175 (14.7) | 205 (12.6) | 248 (12.7) | 208 (14.9) | 111 (16.1)+ | 567 (14.0) |
Major accidents/mistakes | 357 (24.8) | 467 (18.0)** | 250 (20.5) | 255 (21.5) | 319 (19.5) | 367 (18.8) | 289 (20.7) | 168 (24.4)+ | 824 (20.4) |
Natural disasters | 631 (43.8) | 989 (38.1)** | 426 (34.9) | 473 (39.8) | 721 (44.2)†† | 762 (39.0) | 549 (39.3) | 309 (44.8)+ | 1620 (40.1) |
Misunderstandings/blames | 342 (23.7) | 650 (25.0) | 300 (24.6) | 317 (26.7) | 375 (23.0) | 446 (22.8) | 349 (25.0) | 197 (28.6)+ | 992 (24.6) |
Law suits due to self | 104 (7.2) | 58 (2.2)** | 55 (4.5) | 52 (4.4) | 55 (3.4) | 49 (2.5) | 71 (5.1) | 42 (6.1)++ | 162 (4.0) |
Law suits due to relatives | 33 (2.3) | 96 (3.7)* | 35 (2.9) | 56 (4.7) | 38 (2.3)†† | 70 (3.6) | 37 (2.6) | 22 (3.2) | 129 (3.2) |
Long-term enmities with others | 189 (13.1) | 321 (12.4) | 93 (7.6) | 184 (15.5) | 233 (14.3)†† | 261 (13.4) | 170 (12.2) | 79 (11.5) | 510 (12.6) |
Marital/love breakups/conflicts | 118 (8.2) | 128 (4.9)** | 112 (9.2) | 68 (5.7) | 66 (4.0)†† | 84 (4.3) | 97 (6.9) | 65 (9.4)++ | 246 (6.1) |
Major injuries/diseases of relatives | 528 (36.6) | 1090 (41.9)** | 473 (38.7) | 430 (36.2) | 715 (43.8)†† | 787 (40.3) | 547 (39.1) | 284 (41.2) | 1618 (40.0) |
Loss of relatives | 1303 (90.4) | 2287 (88.0)* | 941 (77.1) | 1088 (91.7) | 1561 (95.6)†† | 1769 (90.6) | 1224 (87.6) | 597 (86.6)++ | 3590 (88.9) |
Frequent parental conflicts | 128 (8.9) | 270 (10.4) | 141 (11.5) | 124 (10.4) | 133 (8.1)†† | 179 (9.2) | 149 (10.7) | 70 (10.2) | 398 (9.9) |
Over worries about children | 506 (35.1) | 1129 (43.4)** | 320 (26.2) | 500 (42.1) | 815 (49.9)†† | 912 (46.7) | 510 (36.5) | 213 (30.9)++ | 1635 (40.5) |
Financial hardship | 610 (42.3) | 1195 (46.0)* | 349 (28.6) | 542 (45.7) | 914 (56.0)†† | 1024 (52.4) | 562 (40.2) | 219 (31.8)++ | 1805 (44.7) |
Stressful tasks prevailed life | 174 (12.1) | 603 (23.2)** | 156 (12.8) | 237 (20.0) | 384 (23.5)†† | 473 (24.2) | 232 (16.6) | 72 (10.4)++ | 777 (19.2) |
Other mis-happenings | 87 (6.0) | 189 (7.3) | 70 (5.7) | 88 (7.4) | 118 (7.2) | 130 (6.7) | 103 (7.4) | 43 (6.2) | 276 (6.8) |
Regression-model-based LEI (x ± SD) | 0.95 ± 0.45 | 0.93 ± 0.45 | 0.79 ± 0.43 | 0.97 ± 0.46 | 1.02 ± 0.44†† | 0.94 ± 0.44 | 0.92 ± 0.47 | 0.95 ± 0.46 | 0.93 ± 0.45 |
Chronic physical conditions | |||||||||
Hypertension | 704 (48.9) | 1043 (40.1) ** | 318 (26.0) | 531 (44.7) | 898 (55.0)†† | 866 (44.3) | 801 (57.3) | 284 (41.2) | 1747 (43.2) |
Diabetes | 130 (9.0) | 195 (7.5) | 81 (6.6) | 97 (8.2) | 147 (9.0) | 158 (8.1) | 98 (7.0) | 69 (10.0) | 325 (8.0) |
Pre-diabetes | 393 (31.6) | 705 (30.6) | 305 (29.0) | 335 (32.0) | 458 (31.6) | 1111 (56.9) | 706 (50.5) | 338 (49.1)++ | 1098 (31.0) |
Chronic gastritis | 255 (17.7) | 521 (20.0) | 216 (17.7) | 228 (19.2) | 332 (20.3) | 403 (20.6) | 246 (17.6) | 127 (18.4) | 776 (19.2) |
Prostatitis | 131 (9.1) | NA | 21 (6.0) | 29 (7.1) | 81 (11.9) †† | 30 (1.5) | 59 (4.2) | 43 (6.2)++ | 131 (9.1) |
Cervicitis/vaginitis | NA | 456 (17.5) | 199 (12.9) | 134 (17.2) | 123 (13.0) †† | 247 (12.6) | 148 (10.6) | 61 (8.9)+ | 456 (17.5) |
Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases | 157 (10.9) | 222 (8.5)* | 64 (5.2) | 95 (8.0) | 220 (13.5) †† | 178 (9.1) | 134 (9.6) | 67 (9.7) | 379 (9.4) |
Other CPCs | 119 (8.3) | 304 (11.7)** | 122 (10.0) | 144 (12.1) | 157 (9.6) | 207 (10.6) | 159 (11.4) | 57 (8.3) | 423 (10.5) |
Free from CPCs | 362 (25.1) | 609 (23.4) | 393 (32.2) | 285 (24.0) | 293 (18.0) †† | 450 (23.0) | 338 (24.2) | 183 (26.6) | 971 (24.0) |