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Table 2 Associationa of depression (from PHQ-9 thresholds) with alcohol drinking (AUDIT score) among men in Chennai, India

From: Intra-household evaluations of alcohol abuse in men with depression and suicide in women: A cross-sectional community-based study in Chennai, India

 

Mild depression (PHQ-9 = 5-9)

Moderate-severe depression (PHQ-9 = 10-27)

Any depressionb (PHQ-9 = 5-27)

Drinking pattern (AUDIT score)

Age- adjusted OR

95 % CI

P value

Multi- variate ORc

95 % CI

P value

Age- adjusted OR

95 % CI

P Value

Multi-variate ORc

95 % CI

P value

Age-adjusted OR

95 % CI

P value

Multi- variate ORc

95 % CI

P value

Non-drinkers (scored: 0–7)

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

Low risk (score: 8–15)

1.31

(0.68, 2.51)

0.41

1.48

(0.65, 3.33)

0.34

1.29

(0.50, 3.29)

0.58

1.43

(0.37, 5.57)

0.59

1.31

(0.73, 2.33

0.35

1.50

(0.72, 3.15)

0.27

Harmful, hazardous (score: 16–19)

1.37

(0.66, 2.84)

0.38

1.83

(0.71, 4.69)

0.30

1.33

(0.50, 3.56)

0.56

1.98

(0.48, 8.08)

0.33

1.37

(0.73, 2.59)

0.32

1.88

(0.81, 4.34)

0.13

Alcohol dependence (score: 20–45)

1.53

(0.86, 2.71)

0.14

2.11

(0.95, 4.66)

0.06

1.91

(0.89, 4.07)

0.09

3.88

(1.18, 12.77)

0.02

1.66

(1.01, 2.72)

0.04

2.53

(1.26, 5.09)

0.00

  1. aBased on logistic regression models
  2. bAny depression is defined as a composite variable for mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression
  3. cAdjusted for age, occupation, monthly household expenditures, physical activity, number of household members, pain in past 4 weeks, number of self-reported NCD’s (eg, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, angina, kidney, cancer, asthma)
  4. dAUDIT score