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Table 1 Parental BMI, socioeconomic position and family structure, by gender, age and weight status of children

From: Associations between parental BMI, socioeconomic factors, family structure and overweight in Finnish children: a path model approach

 

Boys

Girls

 

Younger1

Older2

Younger1

Older2

Child’s weight status

Normal weight N (%)

Overweight3N (%)

Normal weight N (%)

Overweight3N (%)

Normal weight N (%)

Overweight3N (%)

Normal weight N (%)

Overweight3N (%)

 

1105 (87.1)

163 (12.9)

667 (76.2)

208 (23.8)

1083 (83.0)

222 (17.0)

768 (79.9)

193 (20.1)

Paternal BMI

        

<25

419 (42.1)

40 (27.0)

227 (39.3)

37 (21.3)

415 (42.5)

54 (27.3)

274 (40.2)

60 (38.0)

25 - <30

465 (46.7)

65 (43.9)

279 (48.3)

95 (54.6)

450 (46.1)

99 (50.0)

323 (47.4)

66 (41.8)

> = 30

112 (11.2)

43 (29.1)

72 (12.5)

42 (24.1)

112 (11.5)

45 (22.7)

84 (12.3)

32 (20.3)

Total N (%)

996 (100)

148 (100)

578 (100)

174 (100)

977 (100)

198 (100)

681 (100)

158 (100)

Maternal BMI

        

<25

720 (66.5)

70 (44.9)

406 (63.8)

75 (39.3)

700 (66.2)

99 (46.9)

458 (62.7)

82 (45.3)

25 - <30

256 (23.7)

44 (28.2)

171 (26.9)

80 (41.9)

249 (23.5)

67 (31.8)

200 (27.4)

64 (35.4)

> = 30

106 (9.8)

42 (26.9)

59 (9.3)

36 (18.8)

109 (10.3)

45 (21.3)

73 (10)

35 (19.3)

Total N (%)

1082 (100)

156 (100)

636 (100)

191 (100)

1058 (100)

211 (100)

731 (100)

181 (100)

Paternal labour market status

Full-time employed

896 (85.3)

134 (86.5)

533 (86)

160 (83.8)

894 (85.6)

190 (90.9)

615 (84.9)

153 (86.9)

Unemployed

42 (4.0)

4 (2.6)

25 (4.0)

7 (3.7)

46 (4.4)

4 (1.9)

37 (5.1)

5 (2.8)

Other

113 (10.8)

17 (11)

62 (10.0)

24 (12.6)

105 (10.0)

15 (7.2)

72 (9.9)

18 (10.2)

Total N (%)

1051 (100)

155 (100)

620 (100)

191 (100)

1045 (100)

209 (100)

724 (100)

176 (100)

Maternal labour market status

        

Full-time employed

559 (51)

87 (53.7)

496 (75.5)

150 (72.8)

547 (50.6)

128 (57.9)

555 (73.1)

140 (73.7)

Unemployed

64 (5.8)

14 (8.6)

26 (4.0)

22 (10.7)

90 (8.3)

14 (6.3)

46 (6.1)

6 (3.2)

Other

473 (43.2)

61 (37.7)

135 (20.5)

34 (16.5)

443 (41.0)

79 (35.7)

158 (20.8)

44 (23.2)

Total N (%)

1096 (100)

162 (100)

657 (100)

206 (100)

1080 (100)

221 (100)

759 (100)

190 (100)

Paternal education

        

Secondary education

519 (50.9)

106 (70.2)

337 (55.2)

117 (64.3)

568 (56.2)

119 (59.2)

397 (58)

106 (63.5)

Lower academic degree

310 (30.4)

30 (19.9)

162 (26.6)

44 (24.2)

267 (26.4)

57 (28.4)

184 (26.9)

45 (26.9)

Upper academic degree

190 (18.6)

15 (9.9)

111 (18.2)

21 (11.5)

176 (17.4)

25 (12.4)

104 (15.2)

16 (9.6)

Total N (%)

1019 (100)

151 (100)

610 (100)

182 (100)

1011 (100)

201 (100)

685 (100)

167 (100)

Maternal education

        

Secondary education

358 (33.5)

73 (46.8)

246 (38.1)

94 (47.2)

366 (35.4)

84 (39.6)

260 (35.9)

74 (41.3)

Lower academic degree

487 (45.5)

64 (41.0)

289 (44.7)

81 (40.7)

457 (44.2)

98 (46.2)

348 (48.0)

88 (49.2)

Upper academic degree

225 (21.0)

19 (12.2)

111 (17.2)

24 (12.1)

210 (20.3)

30 (14.2)

117 (16.1)

17 (9.5)

Total N (%)

1070 (100)

156 (100)

646 (100)

199 (100)

1033 (100)

212 (100)

725 (100)

179 (100)

Self-reported income sufficiency

Difficult

262 (24.0)

35 (21.9)

146 (22.0)

45 (22.1)

274 (25.6)

49 (22.4)

157 (20.7)

58 (30.9)

Quite easy

453 (41.4)

74 (46.3)

272 (41.0)

94 (46.1)

434 (40.5)

103 (47.0)

342 (45.2)

74 (39.4)

Easy

378 (34.6)

51 (31.9)

245 (37.0)

65 (31.9)

363 (33.9)

67 (30.6)

258 (34.1)

56 (29.8)

Total N (%)

1093 (100)

160 (100)

663 (100)

204 (100)

1071 (100)

219 (100)

757 (100)

188 (100)

Family structure

        

Nuclear family

904 (82.7)

135 (84.4)

463 (70.9)

146 (71.9)

894 (83.6)

181 (82.3)

550 (72.9)

123 (65.8)

Reconstituted family

45 (4.1)

6 (3.8)

62 (9.5)

11 (5.4)

37 (3.5)

12 (5.5)

59 (7.8)

21 (11.2)

Single parent family

118 (10.8)

18 (11.3)

103 (15.8)

41 (20.2)

117 (10.9)

26 (11.8)

129 (17.1)

36 (19.3)

Others

26 (2.4)

1 (0.6)

25 (3.8)

5 (2.5)

21 (2.0)

1 (0.5)

16 (2.1)

7 (3.7)

Total N (%)

1093 (100)

160 (100)

653 (100)

203 (100)

1069 (100)

220 (100)

754 (100)

187 (100)

  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index.
  2. 1 Younger, ca 3–8 years.
  3. 2 Older, ca 11–16 years.
  4. 3 Overweight according to the international cut-off points by IOTF [14].