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Table 2 Results of the measurement of accuracy for the certified, reference, and in-house standardized samples using the standard addition method

From: Compartmental analysis of metals in waterpipe smoking technique

Element

Certified, reference and in-house standardizes value (mg/kg)

Obtained value (mg/kg)

% RSD1

Cu

2.1 ± 0.2a

2.2

4.8

Fe

14.1 ± 0.5a

14.4

2.1

Mg

400 ± 20a

409

2.3

Mn

9.4 ± 0.9a

10.0

6.4

Mo

0.48 ± 0.03a

0.45

6.3

Ni

7.89 ± 0.57b

7.73

2.0

Cr

48.6c

47.0

3.2

Pb

1.9c

2.0

4.2

V

1.6c

1.5

6.3

U

0.193c

0.203

5.2

Bi

0.037c

0.035

5.4

  1. 1% Relative Standard Deviation (%RSD) = (absolute (reference – obtained)/CRM) × 100.
  2. aWheat flour (NIST 1567a).
  3. bTea leaves (II NIES No. 23).
  4. cIn-house standardization achieved using the standard addition method with the 01APPRD tobacco sample. This sample was also used as an independent quality control sample due to the unavailability of suitable reference material with a comparable matrix.