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Table 4 Cox's proportional hazard regression model for psychological distress and emergency department presentation by sex and age group in NSW, 2002–2004

From: The effects of alcohol consumption, psychological distress and smoking status on emergency department presentations in New South Wales, Australia

Sex, age and psychological distressa

Emergency Department Presentation Prevalence Rate Ratiob(95% CI)

Males

16–29 years

30–59 years

60+ years

Total Males

High

1.67* (1.07, 2.59)

2.46† (2.08, 2.91)

1.35 (0.77, 2.37)

1.96† (1.69, 2.28)

Moderate

1.32 (0.90, 1.94)

1.50† (1.31, 1.73)

1.26* (1.03, 1.54)

1.39† (1.20, 1.62)

Low psych distress

1

1

1

1

Females

16–29 years

30–59 years

60+ years

Total Females

High

1.35 (0.83, 2.20)

2.01† (1.68, 2.41)

1.87† (1.52, 2.30)

1.77† (1.54, 2.03)

Moderate

1.08 (0.74, 1.59)

1.47* (1.06, 2.03)

1.37* (1.03, 1.83)

1.32† (1.10, 1.57)

Low psych distress

1

1

1

1

Persons

16–29 years

30–59 years

60+ years

Total Persons

High

1.47* (1.12, 1.93)

2.19† (1.90, 2.51)

1.62† (1.29, 2.02)

1.84† (1.65, 2.06)

Moderate

1.19 (0.92, 1.53)

1.48† (1.28, 1.71)

1.30† (1.09, 1.55)

1.35† (1.20, 1.51)

Low psych distress

1

1

1

1

  1. Source: New South Wales Population Health Survey, Centre for Epidemiology and Research, NSW Department of Health.
  2. a Psychological Distress Scale: Low = <16; Moderate = 16–21; High: 22+.
  3. b Controlling for alcohol consumption, smoking status, household income and marital status.
  4. † P < 0.01. * P < 0.05.