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Table 3 Cox's proportional hazard regression model for alcohol consumption and emergency department presentation by sex and age group in NSW, 2002–2004

From: The effects of alcohol consumption, psychological distress and smoking status on emergency department presentations in New South Wales, Australia

Sex, age and alcohol consumptiona

Emergency Department Presentation Prevalence Rate Ratiob (95% CI)

Males

16–29 years

30–59 years

60+ years

Total Males

High risk

1.27

0.93

0.63

1.2

(7+ drinks males)

(0.76, 2.11)

(0.62, 1.40)

(0.25, 1.62)

(0.94, 1.54)

Risky

0.93

0.85

0.87

0.9

(5–6 drinks, males)

(0.53, 1.61)

(0.57, 1.27)

(0.51, 1.43)

(0.64, 1.26)

Low risk

1

1

1

1

(1–4 drinks, males)

0.83

1.28

1.34

1.18

 

(0.55, 1.24)

(0.91, 1.80)

(0.93, 1.93)

(0.97, 1.45)

Females

16–29 years

30–59 years

60+ years

Total Females

High risk

1.44*

1.49†

3.24*

1.61†

(5+ drinks, females)

(1.03, 1.99)

(1.19, 1.86)

(1.38, 7.61)

(1.30, 2.01)

Risky

0.85

1.21

1.14

1.09

(3–4 drinks, females)

(0.59, 1.23)

(0.95, 1.55)

(0.58, 2.22)

(0.89, 1.32)

Low risk

1

1

1

1

(1–2 drinks, females)

    

Non-drinker

1.36*

1.35†

1.42†

1.39†

 

(1.06, 1.74)

(1.22, 1.49)

(1.18, 1.70)

(1.30, 1.49)

Persons

16–29 years

30–59 years

60+ years

Total Persons

High risk

1.32

1.14

1.1

1.36†

(5+ female, 7+ male)

0.89, 1.96

0.94, 1.38

0.78, 1.55

1.12, 1.65

Risky

0.83

1.01

0.97

0.96

(3–4 female, 5–6 male)

0.60, 1.15

0.90, 1.15

0.66, 1.44

0.86, 1.08

Low risk

1

1

1

1

(1–2 female, 1–4 male)

    

Non-drinker

1.07

1.27†

1.33†

1.25†

 

0.86, 1.34

1.08, 1.49

1.13, 1.55

1.16, 1.35

  1. Source: New South Wales Population Health Survey, Centre for Epidemiology and Research, NSW Department of Health.
  2. a Based on survey question: 'On a day when you drink alcohol, how many standard drinks do you usually have?'
  3. b Controlling for psychological distress, smoking status, household income and marital status.
  4. †P < 0.01. * P < 0.05.