Table 1 General characteristics of the subjects.

n

1568

532

1036

Age (years)*

45 ± 13

45 ± 13

45 ± 13

Low income†

72%

59%

78%

Low education†

60%

43%

69%

Sedentary†

73%

65%

77%

Current smoker†

26%

40%

19%

Drinker†

22%

42%

11%

BMI (kg/m²)*

29 ± 5

28 ± 4

30 ± 5

Waist (cm)*

94.6 ± 12.3

99.6 ± 10.2

92.1 ± 12.5

Glucose (mmol/l)*

5.0 ± 0.6

5.1 ± 0.5

5.0 ± 0.6

Insulin (pmol/l)‡

51.7 (35.9, 73.2)

52.4 (35.9, 78.2)

50.9 (35.9, 71.8)

HOMA-IR‡

1.57 (1.08, 2.32)

1.65 (1.12, 2.47)

1.53 (1.05, 2.30)

TC (mmol/l)*

4.75 ± 1.02

4.70 ± 0.93

4.77 ± 1.06

HDL-C (mmol/l)*

1.15 ± 0.31

1.00 ± 0.25

1.23 ± 0.31

LDL-C (mmol/l)*

2.92 ± 0.88

2.91 ± 0.82

2.93 ± 0.91

Triglyceride (mmol/l)‡

1.26 (0.91, 1.77)

1.45 (1.01, 2.09)

1.19 (0.86, 1.65)