Table 1 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in relation to intake of vitamin and mineral supplements by the mother during pregnancy, and by the child before the reference date. Unmatched analyses
Supplement & details of use | Categories | No. of cases | No. of controls | Odds ratio (CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted for age in years and sex only | Adjusted for age, sex, and other variables * | ||||
Mother's use during the pregnancy | |||||
Folic acid (any, | No | 82 | 268 | ||
with or without iron) | Yes | 8 | 27 | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 1.1 (0.5–2.7) |
Iron (any, | No | 45 | 151 | ||
with or without folic acid) | Yes | 44 | 142 | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 1.2 (0.7–2.1) |
Iron without folic acid | No | 51 | 177 | ||
Yes | 38 | 116 | 1.2 (0.7–2.1) | 1.3 (0.8–2.3) | |
Multivitamins | No | 87 | 281 | ||
Yes | 3 | 14 | 0.7 (0.2–2.5) | 0.8 (0.2–3.1) | |
Other vitamin or | No | 78 | 263 | ||
mineral supplements | Yes | 13 | 32 | 1.3 (0.6–2.6) | 1.5 (0.7–3.1) |
Child's use before the reference date† | |||||
Folic acid (any, | No | 90 | 288 | ||
with or without iron) | Yes | 6 | 15 | 1.2 (0.4–3.2) | 1.0 (0.4–2.8) |
Iron (any, | No | 89 | 286 | ||
with or without folic acid) | Yes | 7 | 17 | 1.2 (0.5–3.1) | 1.1 (0.4–2.8) |
Iron without folic acid | No | 95 | 301 | ||
Yes | 1 | 2 | 1.3 (0.1–15.5) | 1.6 (0.1–19.3) | |
Multivitamins | No | 90 | 288 | ||
Yes | 6 | 15 | 1.2 (0.4–3.2) | 1.0 (0.4–2.8) | |
Other vitamin or | No | 82 | 272 | ||
mineral supplements | Yes | 14 | 31 | 1.5 (0.7–3.0) | 1.6 (0.8–3.4) |