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Table 2 Summary of SES – CVD life course studies using an early SES → outcome design

From: Evaluating the evidence for models of life course socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review

1st Author, year & reference number

Study name

Early life SES measures

Variables adjusted for other than age

Acute/ Survived MI, CVD

  

Burr 1980 [49]

South Wales hospital cohort

Father's occup (RG, 3 groups), father unemployed (> 1 year), family size

Current SES

Notkola 1985 [40]

East-West Study

5-level index: father's occup & farm size

Current SES, CVD RF's

Coggon 1990 [37]

Stoke-on-Trent & Newcastle study

Father's occup (RG, 5 groups), height, sibling death

Current SES, smoking

Hasle 1990 [48]

Danish worker's union study

8 variables (yes/no) on parent's occup, health, household, residence, edu, illness

None

Kaplan 1990 [43]

Kuopio Study

Factor analysis of edu, occup, farm, farm size, perceived wealth

CVD RF's

Lundberg 1993 [51]

Swedish population cohort study

4 yes/no variables: economic hardship, large family, broken family, dissension

Current SES, gender

Gliksman 1995 [39]

Nurses' Health Study

Father's occup at 16 years

Current SES, CVD RF's

Lamont 2000 [41]

Newcastle 1,000 Families Cohort

Birth: father's occup; 5 & 10 years: parent's occup, housing, # of adverse life events

Current SES, CVD RF's

Marmot 2001 [46]

Whitehall II Study

Childhood: father's occup (RG, 4 groups), age at leaving edu

Labor force entry: Occup

Current & child SES

Wamala 2001 [45]

Stockholm Study

Early-life SES disadvantage index (0–3) of 3 variables: large family, born last, low edu

Current SES, CVD RF's

Stroke

  

Gliksman 1995 [39]

Nurses' Health Study

Father's occup (4 groups) at 16 years

Current SES, CVD RF's

Coggon 1990 [37]

Stoke-on-Trent & Newcastle study

Father's occup (RG, 5 groups), height, sibling death

Current SES, smoking

Davey Smith 1998 [44]

Collaborative Study

Father's occup (RG, 4 groups), also mnl vs. non-mnl

Current SES, CVD RF's

Frankel 1999 [54]

Boyd Orr Cohort

Father's occup (RG, 5 groups)

Townsend area deprivation score

Dedman 2001 [56]

Boyd Orr Cohort

Persons/room, tap water (yes/no), toilet type, ventilation, cleanliness (3 levels each)

Childhood SES, area deprivation score

CHD Mortality

  

Notkola 1985 [40]

East-West Study

5-level index using father's occup & farm size

Current SES, CVD RF's

Lynch 1994 [38]

Kuopio Study

SES index (3 groups), by parents' edu, occup, farm, perceived wealth

Current SES

Vagero 1994 [50]

Uppsala Birth Cohort Study

Occup of head of household (mnl, non-mnl, unemployed)

Current SES

Gliksman 1995 [39]

Nurses' Health Study

Father's occup (4 groups) at 16 years

Current SES, CVD RF's

Davey Smith 1998 [44]

Collaborative Study

Father's occup (RG, 4 groups), also divided into mnl vs. non-mnl

Current SES, CVD RF's, area deprivation

Hart 1998 [42]

Collaborative Study

Early SES: father's occup; Labor force entry: Occup; At screening: occup

None

Frankel 1999 [54]

Boyd Orr Cohort

Father's occup (RG, 5 groups)

Townsend area deprivation score

Davey Smith 2001 [47]

Glasgow Alumni Cohort

Father's social class, (RG, 5 groups)

CVD RF's

Dedman 2001 [56]

Boyd Orr Cohort

Persons/room, tap water (yes/no), toilet type, ventilation, cleanliness (3 levels each)

Childhood SES, Townsend area deprivation score

Davey Smith 2002 [52]

Collaborative Study

Father's occup (mnl/non-mnl)

Current SES, CVD RF's

Claussen 2003 [53]

Oslo Mortality Study

Index of housing conditions items

Current SES

Osler 2003 [55]

Project Metropolit

Father's social class (3 groups) by occup

Birth weight, IQ at age 12

  1. CHD = Coronary heart disease; Edu = Education; IHD = Ischemic heart disease; MI = Myocardial infarction; Mnl = Manual occupational class; Non-mnl = Non-manual occupational class; Occup = Occupation; RF = Risk factor; RG = Registrar General's social class categories.