Gender differences in mortality and risk factors in a 13-year cohort study of street-recruited injecting drug users

Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted time ratio (TR) for survival time using Log-Logistic regression analysis, with and without unobserved heterogeneity (“frailty”)

	Model 1: total population	Model 2: total population		Model 3: women^a	Model 4: men^a
	Model 1: total population	No frailty^a	Frailty^b	Model 3: women^a	Model 4: men^a
	Unadjusted	Adjusted	Adjusted	Adjusted	Adjusted
	TR^c[95% CI]	TR^c[95% CI]	TR^c[95% CI]	TR^c[95% CI]	TR^c[95% CI]
Male	0.5 [0.2, 1.7]	0.5 [0.1, 1.7]	0.5 [0.1, 1.7]	-
≥ 30 years^d	0.8 [0.3, 2.1]	0.8 [0.3, 2.3]	0.8 [0.3, 2.3]	0.1 [0.0, 4.5]	1.3 [0.5, 3.6]
> 5 years IV career^e	0.8 [0.2, 2.7]	1.1 [0.3, 3.8]	1.1 [0.3, 3.8]	1.0 [0.0, 152.3]	1.1 [0.3, 3.7]
Combined heroin and prescription drugs^{f, g}	0.4 [0.2, 1.1]*	0.4 [0.1, 1.0]*	0.4 [0.1, 1.0]*	0.2 [0.0, 5.3]	0.5 [0.2, 1.2]
Alcohol ≥2 days a week^g	0.8 [0.3, 2.3]	0.8 [0.3, 2.4]	0.8 [0.3, 2.4]	0.3 [0.0, 11.8]	0.8 [0.3, 2.3]
Sex work^g	0.4 [0.1, 1.7]	-	-	0.02 [0.00, 1.8]*	-
n	171	171	171	43	128
Gamma	-	1.4 [1.0, 1.8]	1.4 [1.0, 1.8]	1.8 [1.0, 3.4]	1.2 [0.9, 1.6]
Theta	-	-	0	-	-
Log-Likelihood	-	-161.7	-161.7	-30.7	-125.2
Akaike’s Info. Crit.	-	337.5	339.5	75.4	70.7
Likelihood-ratio test of theta = 0	-	-	0.0 p = 1.000	-	-

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