Table 1 Subject characteristics and living arrangements
Characteristics | Total (n, %) | Living arrangement (n, %) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Living alone | Living only with spouse | Living with adult aged 20-64 | ||
All | 2,342 (100.0) | 340 (100.0) | 1,131 (100.0) | 871 (100.0) |
Age | ||||
65-74 | 1759 (75.1) | 229 (67.3) | 920 (81.3) | 610 (70.0) |
75+ | 583 (24.9) | 111 (32.7) | 211 (18.7) | 261 (30.0) |
Gender | ||||
Women | 1306 (55.8) | 301 (88.5) | 477 (42.2) | 528 (60.6) |
Men | 1036 (44.2) | 39 (11.5) | 654 (57.8) | 343 (39.4) |
Education | ||||
Elementary school or less | 1535 (65.5) | 284 (83.5) | 664 (58.7) | 587 (67.4) |
Middle school | 297 (12.7) | 21 (6.2) | 162 (14.3) | 114 (13.1) |
High school or more | 510 (21.8) | 35 (10.3) | 305 (27.0) | 170 (19.5) |
Employment | ||||
Not employed | 1400 (59.8) | 213 (62.7) | 579 (51.2) | 608 (69.8) |
Employed | 942 (40.2) | 127 (37.3) | 552 (48.8) | 263 (30.2) |
Household equivalent income† | ||||
High | 599 (25.6) | 22 (6.4) | 181 (16.0) | 396 (45.4) |
Middle high | 595 (25.4) | 52 (15.3) | 276 (24.4) | 267 (30.7) |
Middle low | 567 (24.2) | 109 (32.1) | 323 (28.6) | 135 (15.5) |
Low | 581 (24.8) | 157 (46.2) | 351 (31.0) | 73 (8.4) |
Smoking | ||||
Non-smoker | 1374 (58.6) | 275 (80.9) | 579 (51.2) | 520 (59.7) |
Ex-smoker | 613 (26.2) | 35 (10.3) | 363 (32.1) | 215 (24.7) |
Current-smoker | 355 (15.2) | 30 (8.8) | 189 (16.7) | 136 (15.6) |
Exercise | ||||
No | 2114 (90.3) | 322 (94.7) | 989 (87.4) | 803 (92.2) |
Yes | 228 (9.7) | 18 (5.3) | 142 (12.6) | 68 (7.8) |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
Normal (<23) | 1209 (51.6) | 164 (48.2) | 586 (51.8) | 459 (52.7) |
Overweight (23 to <25) | 592 (25.3) | 73 (21.5) | 314 (27.8) | 205 (23.5) |
Obese (≥25) | 541 (23.1) | 103 (30.3) | 231 (20.4) | 207 (23.8) |
No of major chronic diseases | ||||
None | 673 (28.7) | 44 (12.9) | 351 (31.0) | 278 (31.9) |
1 | 738 (31.5) | 99 (29.1) | 376 (33.2) | 263 (30.2) |
2 or more | 931 (39.8) | 197 (58.0) | 404 (35.8) | 330 (37.9) |
Major chronic diseases | ||||
Hypertension | 1,051 (44.9) | 176 (51.8) | 486 (43.0) | 389 (44.7) |
Arthritis | 550 (23.5) | 130 (38.2) | 222 (19.6) | 198 (22.7) |
Diabetes | 373 (15.9) | 57 (16.8) | 181 (16.0) | 135 (15.5) |
Dorsopathies and ankylosing spondylitis | 237 (10.1) | 54 (15.9) | 103 (9.1) | 80 (9.2) |
Disorders of bone density and structure including osteoporosis | 234 (10.0) | 57 (16.8) | 96 (8.5) | 81 (9.3) |
Gastritis and duodenitis | 192 (8.2) | 31 (9.1) | 103 (9.1) | 58 (6.7) |
Cataract, disorders of lens | 170 (7.3) | 36 (10.6) | 75 (6.6) | 59 (6.8) |
Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism | 154 (6.6) | 36 (10.6) | 69 (6.1) | 49 (5.6) |
Soft tissue disorders including neuralgia | 118 (5.0) | 22 (6.5) | 50 (4.4) | 46 (5.3) |
Intervertebral disc disorder | 113 (4.8) | 29 (8.5) | 57 (5.0) | 27 (3.1) |