Exclusive breastfeeding practices in relation to social and health determinants: a comparison of the 2006 and 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys

Table 5 Comparison of the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in infants 5 months of age and under between 2006 and 2011, Nepal

Factors	Survey 2006		Survey 2011
	Model 1		Model 1^b		Model 2
	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR	95% CI
Infant’s age (months)	P < 0.001		p < 0.001		P < 0.001
<=4	3.083	1.825 (5.206)	9.449	3.375-26.459	6.11	2.349 -15.897
5-6	1.00		1.00		1.00
Ecological region	P = 0.009		p = 0.648		N/S
Mountain	1.00		1.00
Hill	3.426	1.568-7.474	0.512	0.151-1.731
Terai	1.841	0.942-3.559	1.324	0.393-4.459
Father’s occupation	P = 0.018		P = 0.668		N/S
Agriculture	1.00		1.00
Professional, clerical, service, and manual	0.578	0.383-0.873	0.559	0.213-1.470
Others (Not specified)	0.286	0.089-0.919	1.409	0.293-6.745
Parity	P = 0.045		P = 0.325
First	1.00		1.00
Second or third	1.786	1.076-2.996	1.304	0.612-2.777
Fourth or more	1.968	1.020-3.799	0.586	0.201-1.709
Place of delivery	P = 0.036		P = 0.269		N/S
Home	1.886	1.044-3.407	0.661	0.316-1.382
Health facility	1.00		1.00

Independent variable entered in model 1: age of infant, development region, ecological region, mother’s education, father’s occupation, ethnicity, religion, sex of child, wealth quintile, parity, birth interval, timing of pregnancy, number of ANC visits, deworming, iron consumption during pregnancy, mode of delivery, size of infant, and prelacteal feeding. Only significant variables in backward elimination procedure are presented in the table. Valid case: 481. Model 1^b: This model included the significant variables of Model 1(2006) to allow comparability. Model 2: Independent variables entered in the model 2: infant’s age, sex of infant, religion, ANC visits, and mode of delivery. N/S: Not significant.

ISSN: 1471-2458