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Table 1 Gender differences in education, employment, alcohol consumption and smoking

From: An analysis of problem gambling among the Finnish working-age population: a population survey

Measure

Gender

Chi-square test

 

F

 

M

  
 

N

(%)

N

(%)

 

Education (yrs)

    

χ2 (1, 2784) = 52.94, p < 0.001

< 12 yrs

595

(38.2)

639

(52.0)

> 12 yrs

961

(61.8)

589

(48.0)

Employment

    

χ2 (1, 2821) = 0.87, p = 0.35

Employed

1495

(94.6)

1164

(93.8)

Unemployed

85

(5.4)

77

(6.2)

Alcohol consumption a

    

χ2 (1, 2760) = 138.15, p < 0.001

Non-risk level

1426

(92.0)

918

(75.9)

Risk level

124

(8.0)

292

(24.1)

Nicotine dependency (smoking)

    

χ2 (1, 2789) = 24.20, p < 0.001

Daily

248

(15.9)

288

(23.3)

Occasionally / not at all

1307

(84.1)

946

(76.7)

 
  1. a Risk-level alcohol consumption is defined as consuming at least 6 units of alcohol at least once a week.