Table 4 Methodological quality and measurement properties of studies on validity
Source | Dimensions of environmental construct (number of items) | Structural validity | Convergent validitya | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Results | MQS | Results |
Dunton et al. [37] | availability of community exercise facilities (26) | not assessed | 57 | reported PA indicators (lifestyle activities, vigorous PA, energy expenditure): n.s. |
Durant et al. [38] | 1. environmental barriers to PA in local parks (5) | PCA: Support for a two factor solution | 43 | related to reported PA in parks (SR of adol and PR of adol) |
2. safety barriers to PA in local parks (6) | related to reported PA in parks (PR of adol) | |||
3. environmental barriers to PA in neighbourhood streets (5) | PCA: Support for a two factor solution | related to reported PA in streets (all administrator groups) | ||
4. safety barriers to PA in neighbourhood streets (5) | related to reported PA in streets (PR of chn) | |||
Evenson et al. [40] | 1. safety (8) | not assessed | Â | safe walk/ jog related to PA, seen by others related to ATS |
2. aesthetics (4) | 43 | trees, things to look at, garbage related to PA, smells related to ATS | ||
3. facilities near the home (31) | Â | equipment, trails, number of facilities near home related to PA, number of facilities near home related to ATS | ||
Forman et al. [41] | 1. environmental barriers for walking and cycling to parks (17) | PCA: Support for a three factor solution (environment, planning/ psychosocial, safety) | 29 | subscales environment and planning/ psychosocial related to reported walking or bicycling to the specific destination (except for planning/ psychosocial in PR of chn) |
2. environmental barriers for walking and cycling to shops (17) | PCA: Support for a three factor solution (environment, planning/ psychosocial, safety) | all subscales related to reported walking or bicycling to the specific destination (safety only in PR of chn) | ||
3. environmental barriers for walking and cycling to school (17) | PCA: Support for a three factor solution (environment, planning/ psychosocial, safety) | all subscales related to reported walking or bicycling to the specific destination (safety only in PR of adol) | ||
Huang et al. [46] | 1.safety (5) | EFA: Support for an one factor solution | Â | not assessed |
2. sports facilities (5) | not assessed | Â | not assessed | |
McMinn et al. [35] | local environment (8) | PCA: Support for a two factor solution | Â | not assessed |
Ommundsen et al. [43] | 1. opportunity (3) | EFA and CFA: Support for a three factor solution | 71 | related to reported stages of PA change: F(4, 3689) = 29.43**; low objective measured PA vs. high PA associated with lower opportunity scores: (M = 2.60 vs. 2.65; t = 2.10*) |
2. facility (2) | related to reported stages of PA change: F(4, 3689) = 3.60**; low objective measured PA vs. high PA associated with higher facility scores: (M = 1.47 vs. 1.30; t = -2.33*) | |||
3. licenceb (2) | Â | |||
Pirasteh et al. [47] | environment (4) | PCA: Support for an one factor solution | Â | not assessed |
Rosenberg et al. [36] | 1. land use mix-diversity (20) | not assessed | 57 | related to reported walking to shops and to school in different administrator groups |
2. pedestrian and automobile traffic safety (7) | related to reported being active in parks and walking to parks in different administrator groups | |||
3. crime safety (6) | related to reported walking to shops (PR of chn, SR of adol) and being active in streets (PR of chn) | |||
4. aesthetics (3) | related to reported being active in parks (PR of chn), walking to parks (SR of a) and being physically active (PR of adol) | |||
5. walking/ cycling facilities (3) | related to reported being active in parks and walking to shops, school and parks (different administrator groups) | |||
6. street connectivity (3) | related to reported being active in parks and walking to shops, school and parks (different administrator groups) | |||
7. land use mix-access (6) | related to reported being active in parks and walking to shops, school and parks (different administrator groups) | |||
8. residential density (4) | related to reported being active in parks and walking to school (PR of chn, SR of adol) | |||
| Â | 9. recreation facilities (14) | Â | Â | related to reported being active in parks and streets and walking to shops, school and parks (different administrator groups) |