From: Physical activity in older people: a systematic review
NO. | Author, year of publication, country | Data collection period | Sample size△ | Data source | N and %of sufficiently active old people | Comment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Merom et al. [6] 2006, Australia | 1989-1990 | 8160, (60+yr) | National health survey | 2285, 28% | High quality, National representative sample, Validated questionnaire | ||
1995-1996 | 7620, (60+yr) | National health survey | 2027, 26.6% | |||||
2000 | 4359, (60+yr) | National health survey | 1125, 25.8% | |||||
2 | Jerome et al. [7] 2006, USA | 1991(I) and 1994 (II) | 243 F (70-79yr) without functional deficit | Women’s Health and Aging Studies I and II | 53, 22% | High quality, Regional representative sample, Validated questionnaire | ||
3 | Brownson et al. [8] 2000, USA | 1996 | 24406, 14307 (65-74yr), and 10099 (75+yr) | Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) | CDC-ACSM 1995 | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
5696, 23.34% | ||||||||
65-74: 25.7 % 75 +: 20.0% | ||||||||
SGR 1996 | ||||||||
6480, 26.55% | ||||||||
65-74: 30.4 % 75 +: 21.1% | ||||||||
4 | Brach et al. [9] 2004, USA | 1998 | 3075 (70–79), 1584 F | Health ABC study | 750, 24.4% Men: 33.07% Women: 16.22% | High quality Regional representative sample Standardized questionnaire | ||
5 | Phongsavan et al. [10] 2004, Australia | 1998 | 4321, 1675 M | NSW State health survey | Domestic PA excluded 1634, 37.82% Men: 46.7% Women: 32.2% Domestic PA included 2184, 50.55% Men: 59.8% Women: 44.7% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
6 | Chau et al. [11], 2008, Australia | 1998 | 2068, (65+yr) | NSW Population health survey | 748, 36.15% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
65-74: 1357,40.1% | ||||||||
75 +: 711,28.6% | ||||||||
2002 | 3420, (65+yr) | NSW Population health survey | 1295, 37.88% | |||||
65-74: 2038,41.8% | ||||||||
75 +:1382, 32.1% | ||||||||
2003 | 3577, (65+yr) | NSW Population health survey | 1217, 34.02% | |||||
65-74: 2022,39.8% | ||||||||
75-:1555,26.5% | ||||||||
2004 | 2706, (65+yr) | NSW Population health survey | 1073, 39.66% | |||||
65-74:1552, 45.5% | ||||||||
75-:1154, 31.8% | ||||||||
2005 | 3391, (65+yr) | NSW Population health survey | 1350, 39.82% | |||||
65-74: 1921, 45.5% | ||||||||
75-:1470, 32.4 % | ||||||||
7 | Hamdorf et al. [12] 2002, Australia | 1998 | 773, (60+yr) | Social Environmental Risk Context Information System (SERCIS) | Didn’t report the prevalence of whole sample 60–64: 181, 50.8%, 85+:26, 15.4% Figure 2 showed the trend of declining | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
8 | Merom et al. [13] 2009, Australia | 1998 | 2068, (65+yr) | The NSW Population health survey | 532, 25.73% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
65-74: 1357,28.0 | ||||||||
75+: 711, 21.4 | ||||||||
2002 | 3420, (65+yr) | The NSW Population health survey | 970, 28.35% | |||||
65-74: 2038,30.9% | ||||||||
75+: 1382, 24.6% | ||||||||
2003 | 3577, (65+yr) | The NSW Population health survey | 899, 25.13% | |||||
65-74: 2022,29.3% | ||||||||
75+:1555,19.7% | ||||||||
2004 | 2706, (65+yr) | The NSW Population health survey | 781, 28.85% | |||||
65-74:1552, 32.3% | ||||||||
75+: 1154, 24.2% | ||||||||
2005 | 3391, (65+yr) | The NSW Population health survey | 985, 29.04% | |||||
65-74:1921, 32.9% | ||||||||
75+: 1470, 24.0% | ||||||||
2006 | 2388, (65+yr) | The NSW Population health survey | 744, 31.17% | |||||
65-74: 1318,35.7% | ||||||||
75+: 1070, 25.6% | ||||||||
9 | Heesch & Brown [14] 2008, Australia | 1999 | 3613 F, 75.28 (73–78 yr) | Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health | 1572, 43.5% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
10 | Lim & Taylor [15] 2005, Australia | 1999 | 8881, 5045 F, 73.8 (95%CI 73.6–74.0yr) | NSW Older People’s Health Survey (OPHS) | 4343, 48.9% Women, 39.7%, Men, 61.1% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
11 | Lawlor et al. [16] 2002, UK | 1999-2000 | 2341 F (60-79yr) | British Women’s Heart and Health Study | Domestic PA included 1561, 66.7% Domestic PA excluded 492, 21% Domestic activity (heavy house work and heavy gardening/DIY) | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
12 | Hillsdon et al. [17] 2008, UK | 1999-2001 | 4103 F, (60-79yr) | British Women’s Heart and Health Study | 926, 22.57% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
13 | Brown et al. [18] 2003, USA | 2001 | 30146 (65+yr), 17081 F | BRFSS | 11305, 37.5%, Men: 42.03% | Women: 31.90% | High quality National representative sample, Validated questionnaire | |
14 | Brown et al. [19] 2005, USA | 2001 | 22174 (65+yr), 13834 F | BRFSS | 9202, 41.50%, Men: 47.38%, 65–74: 5369,49.3%75+ : 2971,43.9% | Women: 37.96% 65–74: 8059, 41.3% 75+: 5775, 33.3% | High quality National representative sample, Validated questionnaire | |
15 | Ashe et al. [20] 2009, Canada | 2000-2001 | 24233 (65+yr), 60%F (76% reported having one or more chronic diseases) | Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 1.1 | No chronic disease | One or more chronic disease | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | |
Total | 7318, 30.2% | 5622, 23.2% | ||||||
Women | ||||||||
65-74 | 26.7% | 21.9% | ||||||
75-84 | 18.1% | 12.7% | ||||||
85+ | 14.5% | 7.4% | ||||||
Men | ||||||||
65-74 | 40.6% | 38.0% | ||||||
75-84 | 35.9% | 27.3% | ||||||
85+ | 26.9% | 20.8% | ||||||
16 | US CDC [21] 2007, USA | 2001 | (65+yr), ( whole sample 205,140) | BRFSS | Men 43.1% women 32.2% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
2005 | (65+yr), ( whole sample 356,112) | BRFSS | Men 44.5% women 36.3% | |||||
17 | Muntner et al [22] 2005, China | 2000-2001 | 1824 (65-79yr), 939 M | InterASIA study | 821, 45% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
Rural 52.7% | ||||||||
Urban 9.8% | ||||||||
18 | Benedetti et al. [23] 2008, Brazil | 2002 | 875, 71.6 ± 7.9 (65-101yr), 437M | A representative survey: Profile of Old Persons in the Municipality of Florianópolis | 519, 59.3% Men 63.6% | Women 55% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | |
19 | Ding et al. [24] 2009, China | 2002 | 799 (60+yr) | 2002 Beijing Nutrition and Health Survey | 254, 31.79% 60–74: 673, 33% 75+: 126, 25.3% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
20 | Hallal et al. [25] 2003, Brazil | 2002 | 583 (60+yr), 360F | Cross-sectional survey Pelotas, Brazil | 270, 46.3% 60–69:307,56.2% 70+:276,35.3% Men 60–69:124,55.4% 70+:99,43% | Women 60–69:183,56.8% 70+: 177,30.3% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | |
21 | Knuth et al. [26] 2010 Brazil | 2007 | (65+yr), (whole sample 2969) | Cross-sectional survey Pelotas, Brazil | 60-69: 42.7% 70+: 23.7% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
22 | Meyer [27] 2005 Switzerland | 2002 | 4057 (65+yr) | Swiss Health Survey* | Total: 2739, 67.51% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
65-79: 3257, 80.9% | ||||||||
80+: 800, 58.1% | ||||||||
Sports/exercise | ||||||||
Total: 515, 12.7% | ||||||||
65-79: 25.5% | ||||||||
80+: 24.77% | ||||||||
Habitual | ||||||||
Total: 2314, 57.04% | ||||||||
80+: 51.7% | ||||||||
65-79: 45.4% | ||||||||
23 | Frank et al. [28] 2010, USA | 2001-2002 | 1970 (65+yr) | Strategies for Metropolitan Atlanta’s Regional Transportation and Air Quality(SMARTRAQ study, Atlanta region) | Total: 791, 40.16% 65–74:1198, 42.7% 75–84: 622, 38.0% 85+:150, 28.8% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
24 | Guinn et al. [29] 2002, USA | Unclear,earlier than 2002 | 244 (60-81yr), 162 or 170 F | Cross-sectional survey in a retirement area, Texas | 136, 55.74% men: (82) 74, 66.57% women: (162)170, 50.59% | Weak quality Sample bias likely due to recruitment procedure Testing of instrument not reported. % of male or female was inconsistent in the paper | ||
25 | Taylor-Piliae et al. [30] 2006, USA | 2001-2004 | 1010, 65.8 ±2.8 (60–69yr), 631 M | Healthy control of Atherosclerotic disease vascular function and genetic epidemiology (ADVANCE) Study | All domain PA measured by Stanford Seven-Day PA Recall 646, 64% | High quality Sample was selected from a medical insurance programme Validated questionnaire | ||
On-the-job activity and leisure-time activities measured by Stanford Brief Activity Survey 616, 61%, Men 61.5% women 60.7% | ||||||||
26 | Allender et al, [31] 2008, UK | 2003 | 1181 (65+yr) | Health Survey for England (HsfE) | Occupational PA included | Occupational PA excluded | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | |
138, 11.67% | 128, 10.86% | |||||||
Men:14.68% | Men: 13.3% | |||||||
65-74: 740, 18% | 65-74: 740,16.4 | |||||||
75+: 441, 9.1% | 75+: 441, 8.7% | |||||||
Women: 9.41% | Women: 9.03% | |||||||
65-74: 853, 13.7% | 65-74: 853, 13.0% | |||||||
75+: 717, 4.3% | 75+: 717, 4.3% | |||||||
27 | Florindo et al. [32] 2009, Brazil | 2003 | (60-65yr), the whole sample was 1318 | Health Survey of the Municipality of Sao Paulo | Total PA 899, 68.2% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
LTPA 232, 17.6% | ||||||||
Transportation 83, 6.3% | ||||||||
Occupational 250, 19% | ||||||||
Household 585, 44.4% | ||||||||
28 | Joubert et al. [33] 2007, South Africa | 2003 | (60+yr) | World Health Survey 2003 | Men | Women | High quality National representative sample Method of sample recruitment not reported Validated questionnaire | |
60-69: 21.2% | 60-69: 18.4% | |||||||
70+: 22.3% | 70+: 10% | |||||||
29 | Meisner et al. [34] 2010, Canada | 2003 | 12042 (60+yr), 6823F | Part of Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS; Cycle 2.1) | 2565, 21.3% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
30 | Mummery et al. [35] 2007, New Zealand | 2003 | 1894 (60+yr), 1009 F | Obstacles to Action Survey | 974, 51.4% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
Men 55.2% | Women 47.4% | |||||||
60-64:603, 56.5 | 65-69: 445, 52.8% | |||||||
70-74: 363, 51.1% | 75-79: 270, 47.7% | |||||||
80+: 213, 32.3% | ||||||||
31 | McGuire et al. [36] 2006, USA | 2003 | 36,010 F (65+yr) | BFRSS | 6986, 19.4% | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
65-69:10071, 23.0% | 70-74: 9150, 21.3% | |||||||
75-79: 7909, 18.5% | 80-84: 5580, 15.6% | |||||||
85+: 3300, 13.6% | ||||||||
32 | Pronk et al. [37] 2004, USA | not reported, 2002-2004 | 685,74.5± 6.7yr | Stratified random sample of HealthPartners membership, used questions from the BRFSS | 279, 40.7% | High quality Stratified random sample Validated questionnaire | ||
33 | Stamatakis et al. [38] 2007, UK | 2003 | 2763 (65+yr), 1187 M | Health Survey for England (HsfE) | Domestic excluded | Domestic included | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | |
Total | 172, 6.23% | 306, 11.09% | ||||||
Men | 7.6% | 13.6% | ||||||
Women | 5.2% | 9.2% | ||||||
34 | DiSipio et al. [39] 2006, Australia | 2004 | 1588 (60-75yr) | Queensland Cancer Risk Study (Active Australia Survey) | 891, 56.1% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
35 | Ready et al. [40] 2009, Canada | 2005 | 889 (65+yr) | Cross-sectional survey of random sample, Winnipeg, Canada | CPAG | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
Men | Women | |||||||
65-79: 46.9% | 65-79: 54.4% | |||||||
80+: 24.4% | 80+: 40% | |||||||
3KKD | ||||||||
Men | Women | |||||||
65-79: 63.4% | 65-79: 63.7% | |||||||
80+: 42.2% | 80+: 48.2% | |||||||
36 | Panagiotakos et al. [41] 2007, Cyprus | 2004-2005 | 117 (65+yr) | Health and nutrition survey of elderly people in Cyprus (group without diabetes) | 67, 57.26% | High quality Random sample from multi-geographical area Validated questionnaire | ||
37 | Sims et al. [42] 2007, Australia | not reported 2005-2006 | 330 (65+yr), 190F | Cross-sectional survey using AAS questions Victoria, Australia | 187, 56.7% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
Men:61% Women:54.2% | ||||||||
65-69: 63, 54%70–74: 63, 50.8% | ||||||||
75-79: 49, 70%80–85:23, 56.5% | ||||||||
85+: 9, 44.4%* | ||||||||
38 | Tucker et al. [43] 2011, USA | 2005–2006 | 1018 (60+yr) | NHANES 2005–2006, self-reported data | PAGA 2008(MPA+VPA) | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
534, 52.44% | ||||||||
60-69: 441, 59.7% 70+: 577, 46.9% | ||||||||
PAGA 2008(MPA+2VPA) | ||||||||
538, 52.89% | ||||||||
60-69: 441, 60.6% 70+: 577, 47.0% | ||||||||
≥500 MET-min•wk-1 | ||||||||
572, 56.22% | ||||||||
60-69: 441, 63.6% 70+: 577, 50.8% | ||||||||
39 | Tyrovolas et al. [44] 2009, Mediterranean Islands from Greece and Cyprus | 2005-2007 | 930 non-diabetic 74±7.1yr | MEDIS (MEDiterranean Islands) study but the Measurement and criteria changed slightly between other Cyprus study | 353, 38% | High quality Random sample from multi-geographical area Validated questionnaire | ||
40 | Gómez et al. [45] 2010, Colombia | 2007 | 1966, 70.7±7.7yr | Multilevel cross-sectional study, Bogotá | 1227, 62.4% | High quality Random sample from multi neighbourhood in one city Validate questionnaire | ||
41 | McGuire et al. [46] 2010, USA | 2007 | 6138 (65+yr) | BRFSS 2007 of Hawaii, Kansas &Washington | 2671, 43.51% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
42 | Xu et al. [47] 2009, China | 2007 | 407 (65-69yr) | Cross- sectional survey, Guangdong Province using GPAQ | Rural 60.9% | High quality Regional representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
Unban 82.6% | ||||||||
43 | US CDC, [48] 2008, USA | 2007 | (65+yr), (whole sample 399,107) | BRFSS | HP 2010 | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
39.3% | ||||||||
PAGA 2008 | ||||||||
51.2% | ||||||||
44 | Bird et al. [49] 2008, Australia | not reported 2006-2008 | 66F (69.3 ± 6.7yr) | Cross-sectional survey Western Region of Melbourne | 55, 83%, Small sample | Moderate quality Non-random small sample Validated measurement | ||
45 | Carlson et al. [50] 2010, USA | 2008 | 2008 (65+yr), (whole sample 21,781) | National Health Interview Survey employed light-moderate to substitute moderate | PAGA 2008 | High quality National representative sample Validated questionnaire | ||
30.4% | ||||||||
HP 2010 | ||||||||
22.6% | ||||||||
46 | Hurtig-Wennlof et al. [51] 2010, Sweden | not reported before 2009 | 54 (66-85yr), 31F | Direct validity study using accelerometer-measured PA | 39, 72.22% | Moderate quality Small convenience sample Modified version of validated instrument and Testing of instrument reported. | ||
47 | Shores et al. [52] 2009, USA | not reported Before 2009 | 448 (65+yr),238 M | Cross-sectional survey Western North Carolina used 7-day recall | 134, 29.9% | Moderate quality Random sample Low response rate Testing of instrument not reported. | ||
48 | Xue [53] 2010, China | 2010 | 2015 (60-75yr),910M | Coss-sectional survey Nanjing, Jiangsu province | 956, 47.44%, Men:44.2% Women: 50.1% | Moderate quality Non-random sample, Validated questionnaire | ||
49 | Fleming et al. [54] 2007, USA | 1997–2003 | 43,259 , 74.9± 6.9 yr, 16198M | National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) | 8695, 20.1% (age adjusted 21.1%), Men: 25.6%, (25.8% adjusted), Women: 16.8%, (17.6% adjusted) | High quality National representative sample, Validated questionnaire |