Table 3 Main effects

Post-test

Subjective well-being

28

Ne=1449 Nc=1265

[29, 32–34, 51, 56–59, 61, 62, 64, 66–71, 73, 75, 77, 79–81, 84, 85]

0.34 (0.22 – 0.45)

Q=53.5, df=27, T²=0.04 (p<.01); I²=49.5%

Z=5.82 (p<.01)

Psychological well-being

20

Ne=2511 Nc=977

[29, 30, 32, 33, 51–55, 60, 62, 65, 69, 74–77, 81–84]

0.20 (0.09 – 0.30)

Q=26.8, df=19, T²=0.01 (p=0.11); I²=29.0%

Z=3.65 (p<.01)

Depression

14

Ne=2435 Nc=760

[30, 51–55, 61, 63, 69, 74, 76, 80, 82, 83]

0.23 (0.09 – 0.38)

Q=24.5, df=13, T²=0.03 (p=0.03); I²=47.0%

Z=3.21 (p<.01)

Follow-up

Subjective well-being

6

Ne=329 Nc=298

[51, 57, 62, 67, 69, 77]

0.22 (0.05 – 0.38)

Q=5.05, df=5, T²=0.00 (p=0.41); I²=1.1%

Z=2.61 (p<.01)

Psychological well-being

6

Ne=1830 Nc=417

[30, 52–55, 62, 69, 74, 77]

0.16 (0.02 – 0.30)

Q=6.8, df=5, T²=0.01 (p=0.24); I²=26.0%

Z=2.20 (p=.03)

Depression

5

Ne=1765 Nc=343

[30, 51–55, 69, 74]

0.17 (−0.06 – 0.39)

Q=11.1, df=4, T²=0.04 (p=0.03); I²=63.9%

Z=1.44 (p=.15)