Table 1 Characteristics of matched cases (hospitalized inpatients) and controls (outpatients) with confirmed pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009
Characteristic | Cases | Controls | |
|---|---|---|---|
N (699) | N (699) | ||
Mean age (*) | 37.82 | 33.69 | |
Sex | Male (*) | 342 (49.1) | 301 (43.1) |
Female (*) | 356 (50.9) | 397 (56.9) | |
Ethnicity | White (**) | 588 (87.1) | 634 (94.1) |
Roma (**) | 15 (2.2) | 2 (0.3) | |
Amerindian (**) | 46 (6.8) | 16 (2.4) | |
Arab or North African (*) | 17 (2.5) | 6 (0.9) | |
Other | 10 (1.5) | 18 (2.7) | |
Educational level | No formal education (**) | 50 (7.7) | 24 (3.7) |
Primary (**) | 213 (32.8) | 128 (19.7) | |
Secondary | 295 (45.4) | 311 (47.8) | |
Higher (**) | 92 (14.2) | 187 (28.8) | |
Overcrowding | > = 29 m2/p | 234 (45.7) | 252 (49.2) |
28 - 15 m2/p | 237 (46.3) | 240 (47.1) | |
<= 14 m2/p (**) | 41 (8) | 20 (3.7) | |
Unfavourable medical factors | 0 (**) | 242 (34.6) | 382 (54.6) |
1 | 230 (32.9) | 238 (34) | |
2 (**) | 122 (17.5) | 58 (8.3) | |
>2 (**) | 105 (15) | 21 (3) | |
Prior preventive information | Yes (**) | 577 (82.5) | 639 (91.4) |
No (**) | 122 (17.5) | 60 (8.6) | |
Prior pandemic vaccination | No | 691 (99) | 697 (99.9) |
Yes | 7 (1) | 1 (0.1) | |
Previous outpatient care | No (**) | 357 (51.1) | 557 (79.7) |
Yes (**) | 342 (48.9) | 142 (20.3) | |
Previous emergency care | No (**) | 488 (69.8) | 603 (86.3) |
Yes (**) | 211 (30.2) | 96 (13.7) | |