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Table 1 The demographic profile based on the questionnaire respondents and presented as proportions within the respective survey groups. (n = 4,450)

From: Household secondhand smoke exposure of elementary schoolchildren in Southern Taiwan and factors associated with their confidence in avoiding exposure: a cross-sectional study

 

N

%

Wave 1a

Wave 2b

Pvalue

Regional

     

   Pin-Tung

2292

51.5

-----

-----

 

   Kaohsiung

2158

48.5

-----

-----

 

Gender

     

   Male

2237

50.3

51.7

48.7

0.046

   Female

2213

49.7

48.3

51.3

 

Grade

     

   3

1057

23.8

23.9

23.6

0.925

   4

1099

24.7

25.0

24.3

 

   5

1120

25.2

25.0

25.3

 

   6

1174

26.4

26.1

26.7

 

Ethnicity

     

   Non-aboriginal

3000

67.4

61.4

73.8

0.025

   Aboriginal

915

20.6

17.0

24.3

 

School Geography

     

   Urban

1923

43.2

42.1

42.5

0.358

   Rural

1662

37.3

33.2

34.6

 

   Mountain

865

19.4

24.7

23.0

 

Monthly household income

     

   High (> $80,000)

557

17.8

19.3

16.4

0.039

   Middle ($40,000-$80,000)

1081

34.6

33.7

35.5

 

   Low (< $40,000)

1483

47.5

47.0

48.1

 

Mother's educational attainment

     

   College or higher

287

8.3

8.9

7.7

0.098

   High school

2240

65.1

63.6

66.6

 

   Lower than high school

913

26.5

27.4

25.7

 

Father's educational attainment

     

   College or higher

401

12.5

12.8

12.2

0.512

   High school

1857

57.8

57.0

58.7

 

   Lower than high school

954

29.7

30.2

29.1

 
  1. aWave 1 survey: the number of respondents in the 26 Ping-Tung elementary schools in 2008
  2. bWave 2 survey: the number of respondents in the 26 Kaohsiung elementary schools in 2009
  3. Variation in the total sample size across the various characteristics is due to missing data