Results from a community-based program evaluating the effect of changing smoking status on asthma symptom control

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Mixed effect models to model impact of change in smoking status on asthma symptoms and health services use

	Ex-Smokers versus Smokers (reference)	New/Intermittent Smokers versus Non-Smokers (reference)
Outcome Measures	Odds Ratio 95% CI	Odds Ratio 95% CI
Asthma Symptoms
Wheeze
Crude	0.50[0.24,1.04]	1.66[1.28,2.15]**
Adjusted¹	0.51[0.25,1.02]	1.32[0.98,1.76]
Shortness of Breath
Crude	0.83[0.51,1.36]	1.24[0.92,1.67]
Adjusted	0.85[0.52,1.37]	1.07[0.79,1.45]
Chest Tightness
Crude	0.22[0.06,0.81]*	1.24[0.84,1.84]
Adjusted	0.21[0.06,0.82]*	1.36[1.10,1.70]*
Cough
Crude	0.85[0.59,1.23]	1.10[0.74,1.62]
Adjusted	0.87[0.63,1.21]	1.03[0.69,1.52]
Night-time Symptoms
Crude	0.25[0.07,0.90]*	1.71[1.20,2.44]*
Adjusted	0.24[0.07,0.85]*	1.55[1.09,2.20]*
Day-time Symptoms
Crude	0.89[0.68,1.15]	NA
Adjusted	0.94[0.78,1.14]	NA
> 1 Asthma Attack in last 6 months
Crude	0.52[0.23,1.18]	1.06[0.69,1.62]
Adjusted	0.56[0.22,1.39]	1.43[1.17,1.75]**
Acute Health Services Use (last 6 months)
Any Urgent Visit
Crude	0.81[0.21,3.14]	1.43[0.50,4.10]
Adjusted	0.78[0.21,2.94]	1.31[0.39,4.39]
ER Visits
Crude	0.81[0.11,5.92]	NA
Adjusted	NA	NA
Walk-in Clinic Visits
Crude	1.63[0.39,6.73]	2.64[0.89,7.81]
Adjusted	NA	4.57[1.44,14.49]*
School/Work Absenteeism (last 4 weeks)
Missed Work/School
Crude	NA	1.32[0.35,4.99]
Adjusted	NA	1.30[0.30,5.64]

¹Multivariable mixed effect models adjusted for age, sex, baseline symptoms and health services use.* p<0.05, ** p<0.001.
NA, not available due to small sample size.

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