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Table 1 Sample characteristics (Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study)

From: The mediating effect of social relationships on the association between socioeconomic status and subjective health – results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study

 

Overall

N (%)

Men

N (%)

Women

N (%)

p (Chi²)

Total sample

4,146

2,049 (49.5)

2,097 (50.5)

 

Variables (no. of missings)

Age (0)

Mean [SD]

58.8 [7.7]

58.8 [7.6]

58.7 [7.7]

 

Years of Education (5)

<=10 years

418 (10.1)

85 (4.2)

333 (15.9)

0.000

 

11-13

2,314 (55.8)

964 (47.1)

1,350 (64.4)

 
 

14-17

940 (22.7)

701 (34.2)

239 (11.4)

 
 

= > 18 years

472 (11.4)

298 (14.6)

174 (8.3)

 

Household equivalent income per month (260)

<1,000€ (very low)

896 (23.0)

372 (18.9)

524 (27.3)

0.000

 

1,000-1,500€ (low)

1,285 (33.0)

622 (31.6)

663 (34.5)

 
 

1,500-2,000€ (average)

923 (23.7)

515 (26.1)

408 (21.3)

 
 

>2,000€ (high)

785 (20.2)

461 (23.4)

324 (16.9)

 

Occupational Status (754)

Unskilled employees/ workers

580 (17.1)

196 (10.0)

384 (26.9)

0.000

 

Qualified employees/ workers

1,401 (41.3)

800 (40.7)

601 (42.1)

 

Technicians and associate professionals

796 (23.4)

518 (26.3)

278 (19.5)

 

Manager and Professionals

618 (18.2)

453 (23.0)

165 (11.6)

Social Integration Index (68)

Level I (isolation)

273 (6.7)

73 (3.6)

200 (9.7)

0.000

 

Level II

1,656 (40.6)

757 (37.6)

899 (43.5)

 

Level III

1,943 (47.6)

1.076 (53.4)

867 (42.0)

 

Level IV

209 (5.1)

109 (5.4)

100 (4.8)

Instrumental support (30)

Support available but not needed

1,278 (30.8)

669 (32.8)

609 (29.3)

0.000

 

Support appropriate

2,357 (57.2)

1,165 (57.2)

1,192 (57.3)

 

Support inappropriate

171 (4.1)

55 (2.7)

116 (5.6)

 

Support needed but not available

313 (7.5)

148 (7.3)

165 (7.9)

Emotional support (24)

Support available but not needed

458 (11.0)

289 (14.2)

169 (8.1)

0.000

 

Support appropriate

3019 (72.8)

1,443 (70.7)

1,576 (75.6)

 

Support inappropriate

311 (7.5)

101 (5.0)

210 (10.1)

 

Support needed but not available

337 (8.1)

207 (5.0)

130 (6.2)

Subjective Health

Baseline (3) : Very good/ good/ moderate

3,509 (84.6)

1,810 (88.3)

1,699 (81.0)

0.000

 

Poor/ very poor

637 (15.4)

239 (11.7)

398 (19.0)

 

Follow-up (0) : Very good/ good/ moderate

3,426 (82.6)

1,742 (84.9)

1,684 (80.3)

0.000

 

Poor/ very poor

723 (17.4)

310 (15.1)

413 (19.7)