Table 2 Demographic characteristics of study subjects by sex

Age

   Mean (SD)

46.9 (12.4)

42.6 (10.6)

   30-39

38

34.6

157

47.6

   40-49

34

30.9

98

29.7

   50-59

14

12.7

37

11.2

   60-

24

21.8

38

11.5

Education in North Korea

   High school or less

52

51.5

170

54.8

   Higher specialized school

20

19.8

83

26.8

   College or more

29

28.7

57

18.4

Occupation in North Korea

   Manual worker

50

47.6

134

42.0

   Farmer

2

1.9

16

5.0

   Office worker

18

17.1

44

13.8

   Soldier

9

8.6

6

1.9

   Teacher

4

3.8

52

4.7

   Student

0

0.0

8

2.5

   Professional

19

18.1

70

21.9

   Unemployed

3

2.9

26

8.2

Marital status in North Korea

   Married

85

80.2

211

69.9

   Unmarried

21

19.8

91

30.1

Marital status in North Korea

   Married

85

80.2

211

69.9

   Unmarried

21

19.8

91

30.1

Residence in North Korea

   Urban

64

66.0

184

64.8

   Rural

33

34.0

100

35.2

Length of stay in South Korea Korea(months)

   Mean (SD)

41.0 (35.8)

36.6 (30.0)

   < 12

27

24.8

91

28.1

   12-24

18

16.5

45

13.9

   24-48

25

22.9

87

26.9

   ≥ 48

39

35.8

101

31.2

Length of stay in third countries country(months)

   Mean (SD)

23.2 (31.5)

49.5 (43.4)

   < 12

62

56.9

95

29.5

   12-24

14

12.8

22

6.8

   24-48

13

11.9

46

14.3

   ≥ 48

20

18.4

159

49.4