Table 3 Covariate adjusted hazard ratios for high distress (top panel) and hazard ratio of the covariates for the complete model (lower panel) for 18-year follow-up diabetes incidence

Block 1: Sociodemographic factors

 High distress

1.33

1.10-1.61

0.003

Block 2: Health

 High distress

1.10

0.90-1.34

0.342

Block 3: Lifestyle

 High distress

1.10

0.91-1.34

0.333

Covariates [complete model]

Sociodemographic factors

 Age

1.03

1.02-1.04

<0.001

 Female sex [ref male]

0.68

0.56-0.83

<0.001

 Marital status

1.18

0.95-1.46

0.126

 Lower education [ref medium]

1.21

0.95-1.54

0.115

 Higher education [ref medium]

0.82

0.63-1.06

0.121

 Annual hh income <15,000 [ref 15,000 - <35,000]

1.00

0.80-1.24

0.985

 Annual hh income ≥ 35,000 [ref 15,000 - <35,000]

0.67

0.44-1.02

0.064

Health

 More energetic [ref same energy]

0.79

0.63-1.00

0.59

 Less energetic [ref same energy]

1.54

1.18-2.02

0.002

 Health status [ref ‘no’]

2.81

1.55-5.11

0.001

 Health problems One/some [ref ‘none’]

1.43

0.77-2.63

0.255

Lifestyle

 Inactive/sedentary [ref moderately active]

1.06

0.82-1.38

0.655

 Active [ref moderately active]

0.87

0.69-1.10

0.231

 Smoking

1.01

0.82-1.25

0.915