Table 1 Definition of Interventions

Immediate assessment, warming, drying and tactile stimulation (rubbing with the drying cloth, rubbing the back or flicking the feet) of the newborn at the time of birth. This is not the same as the WHO package of essential newborn care which is more complex and includes immediate breastfeeding, resuscitation, thermal care, eye care, immunization etc.

Basic Newborn Resuscitation

Airway clearing (suctioning if required) head positioning and positive pressure ventilation via bag-and- mask.*

Advanced Newborn Resuscitation (not estimated for LiST)

Basic neonatal resuscitation (as above) plus endotracheal intubation, supplemental oxygen, chest compressions, and medications.