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Table 2 Estimated relationship between individual and family characteristics with alcohol expectancy in alcohol-naïve children

From: Differential relationships of family drinking with alcohol expectancy among urban school children

Characteristicsa

Dimension of Alcohol Expectancy

 

GPT βwt(95% CI)

ESB βwt(95% CI)

PRTR βwt(95% CI)

DCBF βwt(95% CI)

Grade (ref: 4th)

    

   6th

0.18 (0.08, 0.30)**

0.08 (-0.04, 0.20)

0.35 (0.22, 0.48)***

0.19 (0.09, 0.30)***

Gender (ref: Female)

    

   Male

0.07 (-0.03, 0.17)

0.07 (0.01, 0.13)*

0.01 (-0.08, 0.1)

-0.14 (-0.21, -0.07)***

Living with parents (ref: Living with two parents)

    

   Living with none or one parent

0.06 (-0.08, 0.20)

0.14 (0.01, 0.27)*

0.03 (-0.13, 0.19)

-0.07 (-0.23, -0.10)

Parental employment (ref: None or one)

    

   Both employed

-0.05 (-0.15, 0.06)

-0.02 (-0.12, 0.09)

-0.05 (-0.16, 0.05)

-0.04 (-0.15, 0.07)

Monthly allowance (NT)(ref: 0)

    

   1-499

0.09 (-0.01, 0.19)

0.04 (-0.06, 0.14)

0.07 (-0.01, 0.15)

0.08 (-0.01, 0.18)

   500 or above

0.13 (-0.01, 0.26)

0.14 (-0.01, 0.29)

0.18 (0.04, 0.32)**

-0.05 (-0.21, 0.11)

After school program attendance (ref: No)

    

   Yes

0.05 (-0.09, 0.19)

-0.03 (-0.12, 0.07)

0.06 (-0.10, 0.23)

0.17 (0.03, 0.31)*

Paternal drinking (ref: No)

    

   Yes

0.22 (0.10, 0.33)***

0.15 (0.06, 0.24)**

0.18 (0.04, 0.32)**

0.10 (-0.06, 0.25)

Maternal drinking (ref: No)

    

   Yes

0.01 (-0.11, 0.12)

0.16 (0.06, 0.27)**

0.02 (-0.15, 0.20)

-0.06 (-0.20, 0.08)

Elder sibling's drinking (ref: No)

    

   Yes

0.21 (-0.07, 0.49)

0.26 (0.02, 0.50)*

0.25 (0.03, 0.46)*

-0.01 (-0.24, 0.21)

  1. Notes: Three scales of positive alcohol expectancy: "global positive transformation (GPT)," "enhanced social behaviors (ESB)," and "promoting relaxation or tension reduction (PRTR)," and one negative alcohol expectancy scale: "deteriorated cognitive and behavioral functions (DCBF)."
  2. a. Estimated regression coefficients were derived from multivariate linear regression (weighted data with Taylor series linearization) with simultaneous adjustment for listed covariates.
  3. *p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001