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Table 1 Age-adjusted Mean (SE) and percentage (SE) of selected characteristics of Thai adults aged ≥ 20 years with and without metabolic syndrome, NHES IV 2009

From: Urban and rural variation in clustering of metabolic syndrome components in the Thai population: results from the fourth National Health Examination Survey 2009

 

Men

Women

 

Urban

Rural

Urban

Rural

 

Absent (n = 3414)

Present (n = 1404)

Absent (n = 3398)

Present (n = 937)

Absent (n = 3604)

Present (n = 2031)

Absent (n = 2888)

Present (n = 1580)

Age (yr)

45.6 (0.6)

51.0 (0.6)c

44.0 (0.2)

49.3 (0.4)d

45.1 (0.4)

54.1 (0.3)b, c

43.1 (0.2)

52.1 (0.3)b, d

SBP (mmHg)

122.6 (0.4)

135.7 (1.0)c

121.0 (0.4)

133.7 (0.8)d

115.8 (0.3)

128.6 (0.6)c

115.8 (0.3)

129.7 (0.4)d

DBP (mmHg)

76.9 (0.3)

85.7 (0.8)a, c

74.6 (0.3)

82.9 (0.5)a, d

71.7 (0.2)

78.6 (0.4)c

71.6 (0.2)

79.8 (0.3)d

BMI (kg/m2)

23.0 (0.1)

28.8 (0.3)

22.1 (0.1)

28.0 (0.2)

23.8 (0.1)

28.9 (0.2)b

23.0 (0.1)

27.4 (0.2)b

Waist (cm)

80.0 (0.3)

96.1 (0.6)a, c

76.3 (0.2)

92.7 (0.7)a, d

77.2 (0.4)

90.0 (0.4)b, c

75.4 (0.3)

87.1 (0.3)b, d

FPG (mg/dL)

87.5 (0.9)

109.1 (3.0)

85.9 (0.8)

106.3 (2.7)

84.4 (1.0)

105.1 (2.1)

84.7 (0.7)

99.4 (1.6)

HDL (mg/dL)

48.9 (0.5)

39.3 (0.4)a, c

46.6 (0.4)

36.6 (0.4)a, d

53.9 (0.3)

41.9 (0.4)c

50.0 (0.5)

42.3 (0.4)d

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

137.1 (2.5)

257.5 (5.7)c

148.4 (3.4)

282.5 (6.3)d

104.8 (2.1)

194.3 (2.6)c

117.8 (1.6)

207.0 (6.5)d

Educational level (%)

       

< high school

58.0 (1.7)

61.7 (2.0)a, c

78.7 (1.1)

77.4 (2.3)a, d

61.9 (1.0)

76.7 (2.0)b, c

79.5 (1.0)

88.4 (1.4)b, d

Leisure time physical activity (min/week) (%)

      

< 150

67.2 (1.2)

73.9 (1.8)

73.7 (1.1)

70.6 (2.1)d

79.5 (0.8)

79.7 (2.09)

82.9 (0.7)

81.2 (1.7)d

Regular smoking (%)

      

Yes

35.2 (1.0)

30. 4 (2.6)c

45.0 (1.3)

40.8 (2.6)d

2.6 (0.3)

4.9 (1.5)b, c

2.2 (0.2)

1.0 (0.1)b, d

Alcohol drinking (%)

      

≥ 41 gm/d in men and ≥ 21 gm/d in women

15.6 (0.7)

18.9 (1.7)c

13.9 (0.8)

13.9 (2.0)d

2.4 (0.3)

1.5 (0.3)c

1.4 (0.2)

0.9 (0.3)d

  1. *Age-adjusted: direct adjustment using Thai registered population 2008
  2. a Statistically significant difference between men in urban and rural areas at P < 0.05
  3. b Statistically significant difference between women in urban and rural areas at P < 0.05
  4. c Statistically significant difference between men and women in urban area at P < 0.05
  5. d Statistically significant difference between men and women in rural area at P < 0.05