Skip to main content

Table 3 Associations between mobile phone variables and mental health outcomes at baseline for men (n = 1455) and women (n = 2701)

From: Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults - a prospective cohort study

  

CURRENT STRESS

SLEEP DISTURBANCES

SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION

One item

SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION

Two items

  

n

Prev %

PR

95% CI

n

Prev %

PR

95% CI

n

Prev %

PR

95% CI

n

Prev %

PR

95% CI

Mobile phone use

                

Men

High

295

23

1.9

1.42-2.54

294

33

1.7

1.40-2.19

208

37

1.2

0.94-1.46

215

39

1.3

1.02-1.58

 

Medium

309

16

1.3

0.98-1.84

309

21

1.1

0.87-1.47

235

39

1.2

1.00-1.48

216

34

1.1

0.90-1.43

 

Low

749

13

1.0

 

746

20

1.0

 

573

34

1.0

 

551

31

1.0

 

Women

High

570

32

1.2

1.07-1.45

566

43

1.4

1.21-1.56

351

51

1.2

1.04-1.35

384

55

1.2

1.06-1.34

 

Medium

559

31

1.2

1.06-1.44

554

34

1.1

0.98-1.31

366

45

1.1

0.93-1.22

390

49

1.1

0.98-1.26

 

Low

1304

26

1.0

 

1300

30

1.0

 

898

42

1.0

 

916

44

1.0

 

Availability demands

                

Men

High

360

18

1.5

1.04-2.15

359

27

1.3

0.96-1.64

251

35

1.0

0.76-1.20

267

39

1.3

1.00-1.64

 

Medium

634

17

1.5

1.04-2.02

631

21

1.1

0.82-1.36

485

34

0.9

0.74-1.09

468

31

1.1

0.86-1.38

 

Low

357

12

1.0

 

357

21

1.0

 

280

39

1.0

 

245

30

1.0

 

Women

High

586

33

1.3

1.14-1.57

583

41

1.4

1.21-1.61

356

47

1.2

0.99-1.33

413

54

1.3

1.10-1.43

 

Medium

1006

28

1.1

0.95-1.29

999

34

1.2

1.03-1.36

667

47

1.2

1.02-1.31

683

49

1.2

1.02-1.31

 

Low

841

25

1.0

 

838

28

1.0

 

591

41

1.0

 

594

41

1.0

 

Awakened at night

                

Men

High

182

24

1.8

1.29-2.51

182

35

1.9

1.44-2.43

117

44

1.3

1.05-1.72

129

49

1.6

1.27-2.03

 

Medium

613

16

1.2

0.90-1.58

610

23

1.3

1.04-1.64

465

36

1.1

0.93-1.33

441

32

1.1

0.92-1.37

 

Low

560

13

1.0

 

559

18

1.0

 

436

33

1.0

 

413

29

1.0

 

Women

High

417

36

1.5

1.24-1.75

413

44

1.4

1.24-1.67

234

51

1.1

0.98-1.34

294

61

1.4

1.26-1.65

 

Medium

1118

29

1.2

1.04-1.40

1111

33

1.1

0.97-1.26

735

44

1.0

0.90-1.14

786

48

1.2

1.03-1.32

 

Low

901

24

1.0

 

900

30

1.0

 

646

44

1.0

 

614

41

1.0

 

Accessibility stress

                

Men

High

131

39

3.5

2.58-4.64

131

27

1.3

0.98-1.81

71

54

1.8

1.42-2.31

91

64

2.4

1.96-2.94

 

Medium

387

18

1.6

1.21-2.14

385

25

1.2

0.99-1.53

287

41

1.3

1.12-1.60

268

37

1.4

1.20-1.67

 

Low

835

11

1.0

 

833

21

1.0

 

658

31

1.0

 

623

27

1.0

 

Women

High

345

49

2.5

2.13-2.94

345

47

1.6

1.39-1.85

199

59

1.4

1.24-1.65

224

64

1.7

1.46-1.90

 

Medium

986

31

1.6

1.38-1.87

978

34

1.2

1.03-1.32

610

44

1.1

0.94-1.20

707

52

1.4

1.22-1.54

 

Low

1104

20

1.0

 

1100

29

1.0

 

807

42

1.0

 

761

38

1.0

 

Overuse

                

Men

High

38

32

2.1

1.30-3.50

38

37

1.7

1.10-2.55

23

43

1.3

0.83-2.15

28

54

1.7

1.18-2.41

 

Medium

170

17

1.2

0.81-1.67

170

23

1.1

0.79-1.43

117

38

1.1

0.87-1.44

126

42

1.4

1.10-1.72

 

Low

1120

15

1.0

 

1116

22

1.0

 

856

35

1.0

 

809

31

1.0

 

Women

High

165

41

1.6

1.31-1.96

164

41

1.3

1.10-1.61

93

54

1.3

1.04-1.55

114

62

1.4

1.23-1.67

 

Medium

526

33

1.3

1.09-1.46

522

38

1.2

1.04-1.35

328

52

1.2

1.06-1.36

355

55

1.2

1.10-1.38

 

Low

1716

26

1.0

 

1709

32

1.0

 

1179

42

1.0

 

1204

44

1.0

 
  1. Prevalence (prev %) of mental health symptoms in each exposure category is shown. The prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were adjusted for relationship status, educational level, and occupation. Missing values (non-responses to items) were excluded from the analyses, which means that the n varied in the analyses. Prevalence ratios with a CI not including 1.00 (before round-off) are given in bold.