Table 2 Full list of items, responses and answer rates - sorted by statement acceptance by female khat abstainers
From: Motives for khat use and abstinence in Yemen - a gender perspective
Do you believe that... | Response rate*; inclusion regression analysis** | Accepted and rejected beliefs about khat and acceptance rates*** | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Â | Consumers | Abstainers | Consumers | Abstainers | ||||
| Â | Â | Â | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female |
khat causes poverty and squalor in Yemeni society? | Â | Â | + | + | + | ++ | 69,2% | 77,4% | 86,5% | 94,7% |
khat worsens oral hygiene? | Â | F | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | 77,8% | 83,8% | 90,3% | 93,4% |
consuming khat leads to a loss of esteem in the family? | > | M;F;C;A | + | + | + | ++ | 67,1% | 70,8% | 87,3% | 93,0% |
khat consumption is bad for one's health? | > | M;F;A | Â | + | + | ++ | 57,8% | 72,3% | 82,1% | 93,0% |
khat consumption leads to loss of valuable work time? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | ++ | ++ | ++ | 65,6% | 78,7% | 89,9% | 92,2% |
khat causes loss of appetite? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | ++ | ++ | + | 63,1% | 83,8% | 88,2% | 91,9% |
khat causes a reduced need for sleep? | > | F;C;A | + | + | ++ | + | 74,0% | 77,6% | 88,2% | 91,8% |
khat consumers are undernourished? | Â | C | Â | ++ | + | + | 57,9% | 78,9% | 86,7% | 91,3% |
khat consumption is a bad habit and should be eliminated? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | + | + | + | 47,4% | 77,3% | 83,5% | 90,3% |
khat causes constipation? | < | C | Â | + | + | + | 65,8% | 77,0% | 87,3% | 88,7% |
khat consumption is harmful to people's esteem and sophistication? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | + | + | + | 58,0% | 75,0% | 85,3% | 87,8% |
khat is harmful to the unborn child? | < | Â | ++ | + | + | + | 77,0% | 75,7% | 86,2% | 87,7% |
khat consumption at work causes laziness? | Â | Â | Â | Â | + | + | 55,9% | 66,4% | 80,7% | 86,5% |
khat leads to an unhealthy complexion? | < | Â | Â | ++ | + | + | 59,6% | 79,2% | 74,6% | 86,3% |
khat consumption by mothers causes neglect of their children and the household? | Â | Â | Â | + | + | + | 63,9% | 71,2% | 80,3% | 84,9% |
khat causes moodyness? | Â | C | Â | + | + | + | 66,0% | 74,3% | 79,5% | 84,9% |
khat consumption impairs the function of the jaw muscles? | < | Â | Â | + | + | + | 61,2% | 71,4% | 85,5% | 83,6% |
khat rituals cause back injuries through long periods of sitting? | < | Â | Â | + | + | + | 61,4% | 70,3% | 84,9% | 83,6% |
women should not consume khat, because this is especially bad for the family? | Â | Â | + | + | ++ | + | 74,0% | 69,6% | 89,7% | 83,3% |
khat consumption causes lack of food in the family? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | + | + | + | 48,0% | 69,6% | 84,4% | 82,5% |
khat causes restlessness and nervousness? | Â | C | Â | Â | + | + | 55,8% | 59,1% | 80,6% | 81,6% |
khat leads to a change in psyche and behaviour? | Â | C | Â | + | + | + | 55,2% | 67,3% | 81,8% | 80,9% |
the family as a whole suffers financially if khat is consumed by the adults? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | + | + | + | 57,6% | 75,3% | 82,3% | 80,4% |
khat consumption causes haemorrhoids? | < | Â | Â | + | + | + | 47,3% | 68,3% | 78,4% | 80,0% |
khat is a reason for most family problems? | Â | Â | - - | Â | + | + | 33,3% | 58,0% | 73,9% | 79,7% |
khat houses are a source of epidemic infections? | < | Â | - | Â | Â | + | 30,9% | 62,1% | 66,4% | 79,7% |
khat consumption of parents leads to conduct disorders in their children? | Â | F | Â | + | + | + | 57,4% | 73,0% | 86,0% | 79,5% |
khat consumption causes agitation and anxiousness? | Â | C | Â | Â | + | + | 55,1% | 64,0% | 78,6% | 79,2% |
khat is stimulating? | > | F;C;A | ++ | + | + | + | 86,9% | 73,4% | 80,9% | 78,6% |
khat consumption is the cause of social problems? | > | M;C;A | Â | Â | + | + | 41,7% | 64,5% | 79,2% | 78,4% |
khat consumers have a poor physical appearance? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | Â | + | + | 38,3% | 65,8% | 80,0% | 76,0% |
khat causes impaired mood? | Â | C | Â | Â | + | + | 46,8% | 54,6% | 66,9% | 75,7% |
khat consumption impairs the relationships between parents and their children? | Â | Â | Â | Â | + | + | 39,3% | 59,3% | 76,0% | 73,9% |
partner's ability to take care of the family is impaired by consuming khat? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | Â | + | + | 51,9% | 66,0% | 76,3% | 73,4% |
children of khat consuming parents do worse in school? | Â | Â | Â | Â | + | + | 44,5% | 62,0% | 73,0% | 73,3% |
khat consumers wake up tired the next morning? | < | Â | Â | + | + | + | 52,7% | 68,7% | 75,8% | 72,7% |
khat causes high blood pressure? | < | Â | Â | Â | + | + | 53,6% | 62,0% | 70,7% | 71,6% |
khat is addictive? | Â | M | Â | Â | + | + | 33,8% | 60,1% | 70,7% | 71,5% |
khat consumption prevents the use of other (illicit) drugs? | Â | Â | + | + | + | + | 71,5% | 67,6% | 67,1% | 70,1% |
khat causes partners to fall out with each other? | Â | C | - - | Â | + | + | 27,6% | 52,6% | 68,0% | 69,3% |
khat causes depression? | Â | C | Â | Â | + | + | 44,2% | 60,5% | 70,7% | 68,7% |
khat causes panic attacks? | < | Â | Â | Â | + | + | 41,1% | 46,5% | 71,1% | 68,5% |
khat causes low blood sugar? | < | Â | Â | + | + | + | 67,0% | 72,7% | 73,4% | 68,1% |
khat consumption is a factor in divorces? | < | Â | - - | Â | Â | Â | 26,3% | 50,0% | 64,2% | 66,0% |
khat is a drug? | < | Â | - - | Â | Â | Â | 30,1% | 44,0% | 64,6% | 62,0% |
khat causes loneliness? | < | C | Â | Â | Â | Â | 36,5% | 49,3% | 60,3% | 61,1% |
khat consumption causes a higher crime rate? | < | Â | Â | Â | + | Â | 35,3% | 59,3% | 68,6% | 61,1% |
khat causes constant aggression between spouses? | < | Â | - - | Â | + | Â | 18,0% | 50,7% | 70,6% | 56,9% |
khat improves memory retentiveness and concentration? | Â | F;C | ++ | Â | Â | Â | 74,7% | 63,9% | 50,0% | 48,6% |
khat makes you attractively slim? | < | Â | Â | Â | - - | Â | 37,1% | 49,3% | 27,8% | 37,5% |
khat rituals solve many social problems? | Â | Â | ++ | Â | Â | Â | 74,0% | 50,7% | 45,8% | 35,1% |
you feel well and relaxed while consuming khat? | Â | C | Â | Â | Â | - | 55,1% | 56,8% | 41,2% | 32,8% |
khat rituals are the best way to spend one's time? | > | M;F;C;A | Â | Â | - - | - - | 57,1% | 53,3% | 32,0% | 25,7% |
khat improves physical fitness? | Â | Â | Â | Â | - - | - - | 52,9% | 41,4% | 25,0% | 18,5% |
khat improves the experience during sexual intercourse? | < | Â | Â | Â | Â | - - | 41,9% | 44,1% | 44,1% | 16,4% |
khat consumption improves relationships in our society? | Â | F | Â | Â | - - | - - | 39,6% | 34,9% | 29,4% | 10,5% |
consuming khat leads to relief of social and mental stress? | Â | Â | Â | Â | - - | - - | 46,6% | 55,2% | 32,1% | 9,9% |