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Table 6 Total traffic exposure.

From: Adult asthma and traffic exposure at residential address, workplace address, and self-reported daily time outdoor in traffic: A two-stage case-control study

The 2ndsurvey

COMBINED EXPOSURE

n

Asthma, n (%)

Asthma, n (%)

Asthma OR1

Asthma symptoms, n (%)

Asthma symptoms (OR)1

Total exposure2 C = 30

1st

298

72(24.2%)

1.00

41(13.8%)

1.00

 

2nd

298

68(22.8%)

0.90 (0.61-1.35)

32(10.8%)

0.70(0.41-1.18)

 

3rd

297

59(19.9%)

0.76 (0.51-1.15)

43(14.5%)

1.09(0.67-1.77)

 

4th

298

65(21.8%)

0.87 (0.58-1.31)

41(13.8%)

1.09(0.66-1.79)

 

5th

297

70(23.6%)

0.96 (0.64-1.44)

48(16.2%)

1.28(0.79-2.08)

Total exposure2 C = 300

1st

298

67(22.5%)

1.00

35(11.8%)

1.00

 

2nd

298

67/22.5%)

1.02 (0.68-1.53)

35(11.8%)

1.06(0.63-1.79)

 

3rd

297

69(23.2%)

1.00 (0.66-1.50)

48(16.2%)

1.50(0.91-2.48)

 

4th

298

65(21.8%)

0.88 (0.58-1.34)

45(15.2%)

1.33(0.79-2.21)

 

5th

297

66(22.2%)

0.88 (0.58-1.33)

42(14.1%)

1.18(0.71-1.99)

Residential + workplace Address2

1st

298

73(24.5%)

1.00

41(13.8%)

1.00

 

2nd

298

69(23.2%)

0.91 (0.61-1.35)

36(12.1%)

0.89(0.53-1.47)

 

3rd

297

54(18.2%)

0.64 (0.42-0.97)

36(12.2%)

0.87(0.52-1.44)

 

4th

298

69(23.2%)

0.98 (0.66-1.46)

46(15.5%)

1.31(0.81-2.12)

 

5th

297

69(23.2%)

0.94 (0.63-1.41)

46(15.5%)

1.27(0.78-2.07)

Workplace Address

1st

298

74(24.8%)

1.00

40(13.5%)

1.00

 

2nd

298

64(21.5%)

0.81 (0.54-1.22)

41(13.8%)

1.12(0.68-1.85)

 

3rd

297

66(22.2%)

0.87 (0.58-1.31)

41(13.8%)

1.11(0.67-1.85)

 

4th

298

67/22.5%)

0.92 (0.62-1.37)

40(13.5%)

1.14(0.70-1.88)

 

5th

297

63(21.2%)

0.77 (0.51-1.16)

43(14.6%)

1.19(0.72-1.96)

Residential Address

1st

298

71(23.8%)

1.00

41(13.8%)

1.00

 

2nd

298

70(23.5%)

0.90 (0.60-1.34)

35(11.8%)

0.80(0.48-1.33)

 

3rd

297

58(19.5%)

0.78 (0.52-1.18)

41(13.9%)

1.08(0.66-1.75)

 

4th

298

66(22.1%)

0.91 (0.60-1.36)

40(13.4%)

1.09(0.66-1.80)

 

5th

297

69(23.2%)

0.96 (0.64-1.44)

48(16.2%)

1.31(0.81-2.13)

  1. 1Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, socio-economy, smoking, and occupational exposure. [OR(95%CI)]. 2 Total exposure assessment (residential address + workplace address + time in traffic) is explained in methods section. The estimate based on only residential + workplace address is also time-weighted. C is the exposure dose time in traffic is hypothesized to contribute.
  2. The association between traffic and asthma is not stronger when combining total exposure compared to using only residential exposure. Using quantiles, i.e holding the number of individuals fixed in each category, the changes in estimates reflects individuals moving between the low/high categories depending on what exposures (residential address, workplace address, time outdoor in traffic) that are combined to estimate high vs low traffic exposure.