Table 3 Univariate analysis of potential risk factors of soil-transmitted helminths in mother and their infants in the Butajira birth cohort, Ethiopia, 2007
Risk factor | Soil-transmitted helminths in the mother (N = 908) | Soil-transmitted helminths in the child (N = 905) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N(%) | n(%) | Crude OR (95%CI) | P-value | n(%) | Crude OR (95%CI) | P-value | |
Living in thatched house vs. corrugated sheet | 697 (76.8) | 322 (46.2) | 1.62 (1.18,2.24) | 0.003 | 28 (4.0) | 0.51 (0.27,0.96) | 0.037 |
Toilet use vs. open field§ | 564 (62.1) | 234 (41.5) | 0.81 (0.62,1.06) | 0.080 | 32 (5.7) | 1.66 (0.84,3.26) | 0.144 |
Main water source | 0.188 | <0.001 | |||||
   Inside pipe§ | 54 (6.0) | 17 (31.5) | 1 | 10 (18.5) | 1 | ||
   Outside pipe∧ | 577 (64.0) | 262 (45.4) | 1.81 (1.00, 3.29) | 26 (4.5) | 0.21 (0.09, 0.46) | ||
   Well/stream/rain | 118(13.1) | 47 (39.8) | 1.44 (0.73, 2.85) | 5 (4.3) | 0.20 (0.06, 0.61) | ||
   River | 153 (17.0) | 66 (43.1) | 1.65 (0.86, 3.19) | 3 (2.0) | 0.09 (0.02, 0.33) | ||
Animal spend the night inside | 573 (63.2) | 250 (43.6) | 1.02 (0.78,1.34) | 0.880 | 22 (3.9) | 0.57 (0.31,1.04) | 0.068 |
Cooking inside the main house | 729 (80.8) | 334 (45.8) | 1.68 (1.18,2.37) | 0.003 | 29 (4.0) | 0.43(0.23,0.83) | 0.012 |
Soap use | 0.008 | 0.299 | |||||
   Daily | 321 (35.4) | 118 (36.8) | 1 | 0.003♀ | 19 (5.9) | 1 | 0.576♀ |
   At least once a wk | 532 (58.6) | 249 (46.8) | 1.51 (1.14, 2.01) | 21 (4.0) | 0.65 (0.35, 1.23) | ||
   Less frequent than once a week | 55 (6.1) | 28 (50.9) | 1.78 (1.00, 3.17) | 4 (7.4) | 1.27 (0.41, 3.88) | ||
Household waste disposal(N = 904) | 0.013 | 0.996 | |||||
   Buried/Burned | 190 (21.0) | 65 (34.2) | 1 | 9 (4.8) | 1 | ||
   Open field | 248 (27.3) | 115 (46.4) | 1.66 (1.23,2.46) | 12 (4.8) | 1.02 (0.42,2.47) | ||
   Used as fertilizers | 469 (51.7) | 215 (45.8) | 1.63 (1.15,2.31) | 23 (4.9) | 1.04 (0.47,2.28) | ||
Maternal helminth infection | 395 (43.5) | - | - | - | 22 (5.6) | 1.32 (0.72,2.42) | 0.368 |